A new series of phthalyl substituted imidazolones (4a–g) and Schiff bases (5a–d) were synthesized from 2-methyl-(m-nitro-1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-(2H)-isoindole-2-yl)-5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole (3a–b). Compounds (3a–b) were prepared by cyclisation of 2-(m-nitro-1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-(2H)-isoindole-2-yl)methyl ethanoate (2) with thiosemicarbazide. 2-(m-nitro-1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-(2H)-isoindole-2-yl)ethanoic acid (1) in presence of thionyl chloride and methanol gave the ester (2) while compound (1) was synthesized by aminolysis of phthalic anhydride with glycine. The compounds were characterized by spectral techniques of IR,1H NMR, Mass and elemental analysis. All the synthesized compounds (4a–g) and (5a–d) were screened for their antibacterial activity against the pathogenic strainsE. coli, P. aureus, C. freundiiwhile antifungal activity was evaluated againstA. niger, A. flavus, Penicillium sp. and C. albicans.

Background: Alopecia areata is a disease, in which patients’ loss hairs as random patches due to autoimmune complications. Tofacitinib acts as an inhibiter in the Janus kinase signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway and is an effective drug approved for the of rheumatoid arthritis treatment. Limited evidence is available on the role of tofacitinib in treatment of alopecia areata. Aim and Objective: The present study aims to evaluate the efficacy of tofacitinib in treatment of alopecia areata patients visiting the tertiary care center of North India. Materials and Methods: Total 17 patients with alopecia areata were recruited in this study and prescribed with the tofacitinib 5 mg twice daily for 6 months. Severity of alopecia tool (SALT) was used to analyze the severity of hair loss. The SALT score measures the total percent of hair loss in all area of scalp. A higher SALT score indicates higher hair loss. Results: The mean age of the patients was 27.88 ± 16.30 years with male-to-female sex ratio of 2.4:1. The mean duration of disease was 32.29 ± 22.14 months. There was a significant decrease in the SALT score (P = 0.0001) following the 6 months tofacitinib treatment. Conclusion: Tofacitinib was found to be effective in the treatment of alopecia areata. Further multicentric studies with ample sample size are required to establish tofacitinib as a standard treatment for the alopecia areata.

Background: Diode lasers are the most popular for hair removal due to the deep penetration and targeting of the hair follicle. Our study aimed at improvement in visual analogue scale (VAS), in patients undergoing elective hair reduction with diode laser. Aim: Assessment of visual analogue scale at every sitting. Methodology: this prospective observational study was undertaken in the department of dermatology & venereology and leprosy (DVL), Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College and Hospital, Kumarhatti, Solan during the Dec 2019 to Dec 2020. Total of 30 patients aged more than 16yrs fulfilling inclusion criteria were included in the present study. Lumenis Light Sheer Desire Laser System® of 805nm was used in treatment. Result: In present study, total of 30 patients fulfilling inclusion criteria were included in the study after obtaining the informed consent. All the patients who participated in study were females. There was a significant higher mean of visual analogue score among the patients compared to the 1 st sitting. (p<0.05) Conclusion: There was a significant improvement in the mean score of VAS among the patients at 5 th sitting compared to the 1 st sitting. The Diode laser technique is efficient and safe in patients undergoing the elective hair reduction.