Background:Vocal cord paralysis continues to be an important issue in laryngology and is considered as a sign of underlying disease; the etiologies of this problem are varied and changing.Aims:The study was to carry out a retrospective analysis of patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis diagnosed.Materials and Methods:The medical records of 53 patients diagnosed and treated for unilateral vocal fold paralysis were studied retrospectively. Data regarding age, sex, duration of symptoms, etiology, and side of paralysis were recorded.Results:Out of the 53 cases, 36 were females and 17 males with a ratio of 2.1:1. The age of the patients ranged from 17-75 years. In 18.9% the cause was idiopathic. Surgical trauma (iatrogenic) problems was the most encountered etiology (66%), others included malignancy (non laryngeal) (7.5%), central (3.8%), external neck trauma (1.9%) and radiation therapy 1.9%. Thyroid surgery was the most commonly reported neck surgery in 50.9%.Conclusions:Thyroidectomy continues to be the single most common surgical procedure responsible for unilateral vocal cord paralysis. For this reason, routine pre and postoperative laryngoscopy should be considered in all patients undergoing surgeries with a potential risk for recurrent nerve paralysis to reduce the postoperative morbidity.

Sinusitis, cellulitis, preseptal, abscess.

Myringoplasty is a beneficial procedure in the pediatric population in the hands of a skilled and experienced surgeons. If performed properly, it has a good chance of restoring a child's hearing. However, a large study with a long follow up is warranted in order to come to a definitive conclusion.

Ai ms: to carry out a retrospective analysis of myringoplasty results in children in our institute. Materials and methods: Thirty five children, 9 to 14 years old, who underwent myringoplasty in our hospital between April 2002 and May 2004, formed the study group. Data regarding successful perforation closure, factors influencing success rates and hearing improvement were recorded. Results: Closure of perforation was successful in 30 (85.7%) of the 35 patients. Graft take failure occurred in 5 patients. Audiological improvement was seen in 27 (77%) patients, out of which 23 cases had 10-15 db and 4 cases had 15-20 db air-bone gap. Hearing was found to be worse postoperatively in 3 patients, while no change was noted in the remaining 5 patients. There was no case of profound hearing loss. Conclusion: Myringoplasty is a beneficial procedure in the pediatric population in the hands of a skilled and experienced surgeons. If performed properly, it has a good chance of restoring a child's hearing. However, a large study with a long follow up is warranted in order to come to a definitive conclusion.

Aims: This study aims to carry out a retrospective analysis of demographic information and post-operative complications with special emphasis on complications related to the soft tissue over the implanted device in patients who underwent cochlear implantation. Settings and Design: Retrospective study. Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of 840 patients who had cochlear implants at our centre during the period between March 2010 and November 2020. The patients' demographic details and complications related to the soft tissue over the implanted device were analysed. Statistical Analysis Used: SPSS software version 12. Results: In total, 380 (45.2%) patients were male and 460 (54.8%) were female. The age of patients at the time of surgery ranged between 7 months and 68 years and the mean age was 4.64 ± 2.91 years. The majority of patients underwent unilateral cochlear implantation (837 patients), with only three patients receiving a bilateral implant. There were a total of 19 implanted patients who developed complications related to the soft tissue around the implanted device, with an incidence rate of 2.3%. Haematoma was the most commonly encountered complication and other complications were: seroma, wound infection, abscess formation and flap necrosis. Conclusions: Cochlear implantation is considered to be a reliable and safe surgical procedure for the rehabilitation of deaf patients. Complications can be avoided by proper patient preparation, appropriate incision and flap design, rigorous surgical techniques and periodic post-operative follow-up to detect and manage any complications early.