Tourism is one of the rapidly growing, complicated and multidimensional business activities worldwide. Village tourism carries high level of potentiality in the county like Nepal which is full of large number of villages having divergent cultures, caste, ethnic groups, climates, religions, and language speaker scattering from the Tarai to the Himalayan territories. This research paper has aimed to explore the socio-economic effects of village tourism activities and the key barriers for the development of village tourism. It has adopted descriptive cum analytical research design and conducted a survey in three sampled villages to collect primary data from75 respondents, 25 from each village including people directly involved in tourism activities and people not directly involved in tourism activities. The research result has revealed that village tourism activities have significant effects on education, lodging and food culture, government revenue, earnings capacity of the villagers and flow of domestic tourists without any adverse effect on religion and culture, youth of the villages and social undertakings. It has also revealed that there is statistically significant association across the sampled villages regarding socioeconomic effects. Furthermore, tourism education, transportation facilities, and lack of skilled manpower have been identified as the key barriers for the sustainable development of village tourism.

The Declaration of COVID 19 as a pandemic became a turning point that shifted the paradigm of human civilization and education system. This paper aims to explore the behavioral aspects of school-level children and the situation of online education after the COVID 19 pandemic in Nepal. The study used an exploratory research design to achieve purposes. The parents having school-level children are the population for this study. And purposive sampling technique is used to collect primary data through an online system by sharing the link of the questionnaire form to parents living in urban areas, and fifty responses collected during a month. Descriptive statistical tools used for analysis purposes. The closure of schools has increased the use of mobiles phone in children. Children spent very little time in house undertakings, indooroutdoor games, singing and dancing, and playing with family members. They have observed changes in their usual behavior, parents are feeling difficulties to handle their children in a house settings. Online education is a new use for Nepalese society and school-level education. The participation of children in online education and the effectiveness is at a satisfactory level. However, electricity, accessory devices, internet facility, the interest of children, and lack of monitoring of children’s education have become the major problems. The study finding suggests that parents should take care of children’s education and prevent them from the unwanted effects of using the mobile phone and other undesirable behavioral changes due to the closures of schools.

Occupational change from traditionally adopted occupations to new occupations is an increasing trend in the new generation of Nepalese society. And this seems relatively high in the people of Dalit communities. This study aims to investigate the status of occupational change and their causes among the Dalit communities of the Kaski district. This study has conducted by using the quantitative nature of data collected from primary sources with the help of a structured questionnaire. Total 300 head of the household covering 150 from each urban and rural area including 50 each from three Dalit caste groups namely Nepali (Sarki), Pariyar (Damai), and Bishowkarma (Kami) are the sample for this study. The information regarding the occupational change was collected from the head of the household. The study reveals that there is a statistically significant difference in the involvement in a particular occupation in the past and at present. The tendency of abandoning past & caste-based occupation and shifting to new & modern occupation is high (63.33%) among the people of the Dalit communities. While investigating towards causes for occupational change; insufficient for livelihood, low return compares to costs & efforts, lack of skills & knowledge of past occupations, skills & knowledge of other occupations, lack of work for a whole year in traditional occupations, have found as the key causes for the occupational change in the Dalit communities. However, 36.67 percent still involved in past occupations, and the key causes for no change in the past occupations are lack of other skill & knowledge, satisfaction in the past occupation, and lack of capital.

With reference to the title “Level of satisfaction on Socio- Economic Condition of Occupation changed Employee in Dalit Caste in Kaski” has main purpose of the study to explore the socio-economic condition and their satisfaction level in Dalit community in Kaski. This study uses descriptive cum analytical research design with 300 sample taken from rural and urban area from Nepali, Bishwokarma and Pariyar caste. The purposive and stratified sampling was used as multi stage sampling system. Standard set of questionnaire was used to collect the data from primary sources and inferential statistics chi-square test was used to show the level of satisfaction. Data processing of the study used SPSSS program. Level of satisfaction of occupation changed Dalit was average where there is significance association between occupation changed with overall satisfaction level but no occupational changed Dalit caste has no significant association with overall satisfaction at 5 % level of significant. It is highly recommended to make suitable policy by government that Dalit can change their occupation according to change in environment in Dalit caste to get high level of satisfaction from change in socio-economic situation.

The purpose of the study is to examine the occupational change, socio-economic status among, and the inherent association between occupational changes and socioeconomic status. This study has conducted among the people of Nepali, Pariyar, and Bishwokarma caste of the Dalit communities in the Kaski district of Nepal using the quantitative nature of the information collected from primary sources with the help of a structured questionnaire. The total sample of this study is 300 head of the family member covering 150 from each urban and rural geographical region consisting of 50 from each caste. The data and results show the involvement in a particular occupation in the past and at present have significant variation, as well as the tendency of leaving the caste-based traditional occupation and adopting new & modern occupations is high. From the overall economic perspective, Nepali caste people stand at the first position followed by Bishowkarma, and the last position occupied by Pariyar. While looking from the socio-cultural perspective, Bishowkarma caste people stand at the first position followed by Nepali, and the last position occupied by Pariyar. At the regional level, residence of urban areas have a better overall economic and socio-cultural position compared to the rural areas. However, test statistics reveal the economic status is statistically significant at the caste and regional level whereas, the socio-cultural status is not statistically significant at both caste and regional levels. Finally, while investigating the association between occupational change and socioeconomic status, the results reveal that the overall economic status is the best of those people who have completely changed their past occupations while the overall socio-cultural position is the best of those who have not changed. However, these variations are not statistically significant.