RESUMO.-As enfermidades fúngicas são diagnósticos diferenciais de diversas morbidades de caráter infeccioso, degenerativo ou proliferativo neoplásico, principalmente em gatos, que é a espécie mais suscetível a estas. Este trabalho descreve os achados anatomopatológicos de doenças fúngi-cas em gatos no período de janeiro de 2005 a dezembro de 2015 pelo SPV-UFRGS. Foram revisados 1.274 protocolos de necropsia e encontrou-se 17 casos de micoses, correspondendo a 1,33% dos diagnósticos. Quanto às amostras provenientes de biopsias, foram verificados 2.615 protocolos e detectou-se 59 casos de doenças fúngicas, totalizando 2,25% dos diagnósticos, sendo revisados seus achados macroscópi-cos, microscópicos, colorações especiais e cultivo micológico. O principal diagnóstico encontrado foi esporotricose com 34 casos de biópsia e cinco de necropsia. Criptococose obteve seis diagnósticos na necropsia e 13 na biópsia. O pseudomicetoma dermatofítico possui cinco casos de biópsia e dois de necropsia. Histoplasmose obteve um diagnóstico na necropsia e dois na biópsia. Aspergilose teve dois casos diagnosticados na necropsia. Candidíase e feo-hifomicose obtiveram um caso cada. Em quatro ocasiões, não se pode identificar o agente envolvido na lesão e foram classificados conforme a alteração morfológica em: dermatite fúngica, enterite fúngi-ca, rinite micótica e dermatite e osteomielite fúngica. Através deste trabalho, pode-se identificar que a esporotricose foi o diagnóstico de doença fúngica mais frequente em felinos, seguido da criptococose e pseudomicetoma dermatofítico.

In this retrospective study was determined the frequency of canine skin peripheral nerve sheath tumors (PNST) in cases diagnosed by the Setor de Patologia Veterinária of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (SPV-UFRGS), Brazil, between the years 2000 and 2012. The canine profiles, as well as histological, immunohistochemical and prognostic aspects of the tumors were based on 70 samples, comprising 40 females, 29 males and one unspecified sample. Between 2000 and 2012, 2,984 skin tumors of dogs were diagnosed in the SPV-UFRGS, totaling 2.34% of skin neoplasms in dogs. Animals that comprised the largest amount of samples (43%) were those with no breed (SRD), followed by German Shepherds (10%). Females were more affected than males (40/70 - 57% and 29/70 - 41% respectively). Skin PNST of this research showed predominant localization on the limbs (40% in the forelimbs and 29% in the hindlimbs); affecting adult dogs, mostly aged between 8 and 11 years (54%). The samples were routinely processed for hematoxylin and eosin, and were also evaluated by toluidine blue and Masson's trichrome staining, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) anti-vimentin, -S-100, -GFAP, -actin, von Willebrand factor and neurofilament. Anisocytosis and anisokaryosis, mitotic index, intratumoral necrosis, invasion of adjacent tissues, tumor location, local recurrence and metastasis were related to the diagnosis of benign (49/70) or malignant tumor (21/70). The Antoni A histological pattern was observed more frequently in benign tumors. The immunohistochemistry helped to diagnose PNST, and anti-vimentin and anti-protein S-100 showed the highest rates of immunostaining. Throughout statistical analysis of animals with tumor recurrence, it was found that the chance of an animal with a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor to develop recurrence is 4.61 times higher than in an animal that had a benign tumor.

Choristomas are mature normal tissues in abnormal anatomical positions. Reports in domestic animals are uncommon to rare, usually restricted to cattle, with the proliferation of different tissues in various locations, such as subcutaneous tissue, thoracic cavity, retroperitoneal and ocular regions. No age range is predominantly affected, but there are more reports in young cattle. The Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul received a brainstem sample of a bull, Nelore breed, 5 years old, from the project of Supplementary Diagnostic Methods of Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (TSEs). The animal presented recumbency at the time of slaughter; was alert, with a complete fracture to the right femur and without neurological signs. On gross examination, there was a white oval firm mass, located caudally to the left caudal colliculus, on the left cerebellar peduncle. In the microscopic examination, there was a well-demarcated area, unencapsulated and composed predominantly of connective tissue fibers (collagen). Immunohistochemical examination for glial fibrillary acidic protein was negative. Due to the gross and microscopic characteristics, a diagnosis of collagenous choristoma at the cerebellar peduncle was established, since the presence of collagen within the brain tissue itself is abnormal. Key words: Brain, ruminant, tumor-like lesions ResumoCoristomas são tecidos normais maduros em posições anatômicas anormais. Relatos em animais domésticos são incomuns a raros, restringindo-se geralmente à espécie bovina, com proliferação de diferentes tecidos em várias localizações, como tecido subcutâneo, cavidade torácica, região retroperitoneal e ocular. Não há uma faixa etária predominantemente afetada, porém há mais relatos em bovinos jovens. O Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul recebeu uma amostra de tronco encefálico de um bovino Nelore, macho, cinco anos de idade, vinculado ao projeto de Complementação de Métodos Diagnósticos de Encefalopatias Espongiformes Transmissíveis (EETs). O animal apresentava-se no momento do abate em decúbito; estava alerta, com uma fratura completa no fêmur direito e sem sinais neurológicos. No exame macroscópico, observou-se uma massa branca oval, firme, localizada caudalmente ao colículo caudal esquerdo, sobre o pedúnculo cerebelar esquerdo. No exame microscópico, observou-se uma área bem delimitada, não encapsulada, composta predominantemente por fibras de tecido conjuntivo fibroso (colágeno). O exame imuno-histoquímico para proteína ácida fibrilar glial foi negativo. Devido às características macroscópicas e microscópicas, o diagnóstico de coristoma colagenoso foi estabelecido, visto que a presença de colágeno no encéfalo é anormal.

Feline panleukopenia is an important infectocontagious disease of domestic feline, especially in animals under 1 year. This paper describes the clinical-pathological findings and the immunohistochemical diagnosis of 33 cases of feline panleukopenia. The most important clinical signs were vomiting, diarrhea, and anorexia. The main gross findings observed were reddening of intestinal mucosa (16/33), evidentiation of Peyer patches (14/33), and liquefied intestinal content (7/33). The most consistent histological findings were necrosis (33/33) and lymphohistiocytic inflammatory infiltrate in the intestinal mucosa (31/33), villus fusion (27/33) and villus atrophy (26/33). In the hematopoietic tissues, the findings were characterized mainly by necrosis and tissue depletion. Parvovirus positive immunohistochemichal results were obtained in 84.85% of the cases analyzed. The best organ for viral detection was the intestine, with 84.85% of labeling in the immunohistochemichal technique. The spleen showed the best result among lymphoid organs, with 47.37% of the sections positive. This study presents most important lesions in the small intestine and in lymphoid organs and the immunohistochemistry proved good results in the detection of parvovirus.

Background: Feline dysautonomia is a rare autonomic neuropathy of unknown cause, that has already been reported in Europe, the United States and Brazil. Cats usually show nonspecifc clinical signs that are associated with autonomic dysfunction of the nervous system. The diagnosis is based on the clinical signs and imaging tests, and confrmed by necropsy and histopathological fndings. The prognosis is poor and there is no defnitive treatment. The aim of this report is to describe a case of feline dysautonomia with emphasis in the clinical, diagnostic imaging and histopathological fndings. Feline dysautonomia must always be considered as a differential diagnosis in cases of megaesophagus in cats.Case: A mixed-breed young male cat was evaluated for anorexia, regurgitation, bilateral nasal discharge and dyspnoea for 24 h. The animal was dehydrated and had pale mucous membranes, abdominal distension and keratoconjunctivitis sicca. The neurological examination was normal. Abdominal ultrasound showed a distended bladder and normal intestinal motility. Chest radiography and esophageal contrast study exhibited megaesophagus in the intrathoracic region. Blood work showed mild neutrophilic leukocytosis and the presence of toxic neutrophils. The cat remained hospitalized for supportive care, including fluidtherapy, broad spectrum antibiotics, antiemetic and mucosal protective drugs. Twelve days after the admission, the cat presented prostration, hypoglycemia, hypothermia, hypokalemia and severe leukopenia. Chest radiography revealed increased radiopacity in the right hemithorax, suggesting aspiration pneumonia. The cat died and during necropsy there was marked megaesophagus, with areas of erosion/ulceration of the mucosa, in addition to pulmonary consolidation areas. The histopathological analysis showed an extensive area of ulceration in the esophageal epithelium, in addition to infltration of lymphocytes, macrophages and occasional neutrophils and numerous bacteria, compatible with ulcerative esophagitis. The lung analysis showed severe multifocal thrombosis, multifocal areas of athelectasia, moderate congestion and edema, vegetable material in the bronchi, basophilic myriad bacterial and multifocal necrosis. Hypereosinophilic neurons with pyknotic nuclei, mild cytoplasmic vacuolization, loss of granular appearance of Nissl substance and nuclei shifted to the periphery were observed in the esophageal ganglia. The post mortem diagnosis was megaesophagus and chronic active esophagitis with neuronal degeneration, confrming the diagnosis of feline dysautonomia and aspiration pneumonia.Discussion: This cat was presented with nonspecifc clinical signs, megaesophagus, constipation, keratoconjunctivitis sicca and regurgitation that are commonly observed in cases of feline dysautonomia. However, there were also expiratory dyspnoea, which is less common. Unlike most cases, this cat did not show mydriasis, prolapsed nictitating membranes, reduced pupillary light response or bradycardia. Considering the evolution of its clinical condition, it was suspected that the cat died due to sepsis, possibly as a result of aspiration pneumonia. Since feline dysautonomia is uncommon and requires histopathological analysis for diagnosis confrmation, the prevalence of the disease might be underestimated in our region. In this case, the clinical evaluation, diagnostic imaging, macroscopic and histopathological fndings were consistent with dysautonomia, therefore it is important to consider the disease as a differential diagnosis in cases of megaesophagus in cats, even in the absence of other classical signs of autonomic dysfunction.Keywords: ganglioneuropathy, autonomic neuropathy, neurology, cat.