<p>Evaluation of Mango Hybrids Derived from Crossing of Arumanis-143 with Three Red Mango Cultivars Based on Fruit Characters. Karsinah, Rebin, and Lukitariati Sadwiyanti. In order to improve the character of mango cv. Arumanis-143 that has green-skinned fruit to become red one, Indonesian Tropical Fruits Research Institute Solok had mainactivity, i.e. crossing between Arumanis-143 with Cukurgondang red clones. The objectives of this research were to evaluate the hybrids of mango cv. Arumanis-143 crossing with three red mango cultivars based on fruit characters, and to get 1&amp;ndash;2 new superior varieties candidate that had taste like Arumanis-143 with red/attractive fruit skin color. The research was conducted at Cukurgondang Experimental Field, Pasuruan, East Java from June to December 2011. Plant materials used were four cultivars of parents i.e. Arumanis- 143, Irwin, Gedong Gincu, and Saigon, and 27 hybrids from crossing between Arumanis-143 with Irwin, Arumanis-143 with Gedong Gincu, and Arumanis-143 with Saigon. The results indicated that there were 10 hybrids of 27 hybrids having bear fruits i.e. four hybrids from crossing between Arumanis-143 with Irwin, four hybrids from crossing between Arumanis-143 with Gedong Gincu, and two hybrids from crossing between Arumanis-143 with Saigon. The fruit shape of four hybrids from crossing between Arumanis-143 with Irwin were elliptic, fruits size varies with the smallest fruit weigh was F1-09 i.e. 202 g and the largest was F1-14 i.e. 443 g, fruits taste were sourish sweet-sweet, and the fruits skin color were green-yellow. Fruit shape of four hybrids from crossing between Arumanis-143 with Gedong Gincu were elliptic, fruit size varies with the smallest fruit weigh was F1-87 i.e. 281 g and the largest was F1-18 i.e. 519 g, fruits taste were vapidness sweet-very sweet, the fruits skin color were green-orangish green. The fruit shape of two hybrids from crossing between Arumanis-143 with Saigon were elliptic, fruit weigh of F1-45 was 141 g, fruit taste was sweet with yellowish-red fruit skin color and F1-49 was 232 g, fruit taste was sweet with yellowish green fruit skin color. Result of hibrids evaluation indicated that there was a new superior variety candidate that has taste like Arumanis-143 with yellowish-red fruit skin color.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Dalam rangka memperbaiki karakter buah mangga Arumanis- 143 yang kulit buahnya berwarna hijau agar menjadi merah, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Tropika, Solok, telah menyilangkan antara mangga Arumanis-143 dengan klon merah Cukurgondang. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakter hibrid hasil persilangan mangga Arumanis-143 dengan tiga kultivar mangga merah berdasarkan karakter buah dan untuk mendapatkan 1&amp;ndash;2 kandidat varietas unggul baru yang mempunyai cita rasa seperti Arumanis-143 dengan kulit buah berwarna merah/menarik. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Cukurgondang, Pasuruan, Jawa Timur, dari bulan Juni sampai Desember 2011. Bahan tanaman yang digunakan ialah empat kultivar tanaman tetua, yaitu Arumanis-143, Irwin, Gedong Gincu, dan Saigon, serta 27 hibrid hasil persilangan Arumanis-143 dengan Irwin, Gedong Gincu, dan Saigon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 27 hibrid yang dievaluasi terdapat 10 hibrid yang berbuah, yaitu empat hibrid hasil persilangan antara Arumanis-143 dengan Irwin, empat hibrid hasil persilangan Arumanis-143 dengan Gedong Gincu, dan dua hasil persilangan Arumanis-143 dengan Saigon. Buah dari empat hibrid hasil persilangan antara mangga Arumanis-143 dengan Irwin berbentuk jorong, ukuran buah bervariasi, yang terkecil F1-09 berbobot 202 g dan terbesar F1-14 berbobot 443 g, rasa buah manis asam-manis, kulit buah berwarna hijau-kuning. Buah dari empat hibrid hasil persilangan Arumanis-143 dengan Gedong Gincu berbentuk jorong, ukuran buah bervariasi, yang terkecil F1-87 berbobot 281 g dan terbesar adalah F1-18 berbobot 519 g, rasa buah manis hambar-sangat manis, kulit buah berwarna hijau-hijau orange. Buah dari dua hibrid hasil persilangan Arumanis-143 dengan Saigon berbentuk jorong, buah F1-45 berbobot 141 g, rasa manis dengan kulit buah berwarna merah kekuningan dan buah F1-49 berbobot 232 g, rasa manis dengan kulit buah berwarna hijau kekuningan. Dari hasil evaluasi terhadap hibrid mangga diperoleh satu kandidat varietas unggul baru yang bercita rasa seperti Arumanis-143 dengan kulit buah berwarna merah kekuningan, yaitu F1-45.</p>

<p>Evaluation of Growth of Six Commercial Red Mango Varieties Grafted by Top Working Technique on Two Interstock Varieties. Rebin, Lukitariati Sadwiyanti, Djoko Sudarso, and Karsinah. The objective of the research was to evaluate the growth and leaf anthocyanin content of six commercial red mango varieties that grafted by top working technique on two interstock varietties. The extensive development of commercial red mango as new superior variety in production center, especially in Java, faces limited land constraint. Meanwhile, the existing mango plants in growers is dominated by Arumanis and Durih varieties that are now old and less productive. In addition there are many local mango plant that are not good quality in their growth. In the condition mentioned, replacing less productive mango variety with commercial red mango through top working technology is a wise solution alternative. Research was conducted at Cukurgondang Experimental Field 50 m asl, Pasuruan, East Java from May until December 2009. The research was arranged in Split Plot Design where the main plot were two interstock varieties i.e.: Arumanis-143 and Durih, meanwhile the sub plot were six commercial red mango scions i.e.: Ken Layung, Marifta-01, Garifta Orange, Garifta Merah; Garifta Kuning and Garifta Gading. Each tratment were repeated three times. The results indicated that there were five varieties of red mango varieties compatible with Arumanis-143 interstock i.e.: Marifta-01, Garifta Orange, Garifta Merah, Garifta Kuning, and Garifta Gading. While Durih interstock was suitable for Ken Layung, Garifta Orange and Garifta Merah. Interstocks were not influence on leaf color of scion (both young and mature leaves). Anthocyanin content of Garifta Orange, Garifta Merah, and Garifta Gading leaves on Arumanis-143 interstock and on Durih interstock were higher than their mother plant respectively. The effect of Arumanis-143 was beter than Durih interstock on both vegetative character and leaf antocianin content of scion.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mengevaluasi pertumbuhan dan kadar antosianin daun enam varietas mangga merah komersial yang disambung melalui teknik top working pada dua varietas batang antara. Pengembangan mangga merah komersial sebagai varietas unggul baru secara ekstensifikasi di sentra produksi, terutama di Jawa, mengalami kendala terbatasnya lahan. Sementara itu, pertanaman mangga yang ada di petani didominasi oleh varietas Arumanis dan Durih yang tanamannya sudah tua dan kurang produktif. Di samping itu banyak juga tumbuh mangga lokal yang kurang berkualitas. Dalam kondisi yang demikian, penggantian varietas mangga yang kurang produktif dengan mangga merah komersial melalui teknologi top working merupakan sebuah alternatif solusi yang bijaksana. Penelitian dilaksanakan di KP. Cukurgondang (Pasuruan) 50 m dpl, mulai Mei-Desember 2009. Perlakuan disusun dalam Rancangan Petak Terpisah (Split Plot Design) dengan Petak Utama berupa dua varietas batang antara, yaitu Arumanis-143 dan Durih. Sedangkan Anak Petak berupa enam varietas batang atas mangga merah komersial, yaitu Ken Layung, Marifta-01, Garifta Orange, Garifta Merah, Garifta Kuning, dan Garifta Gading. Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lima varietas batang atas yaitu Marifta-01, Garifta Orange, Garifta Merah, Garifta Kuning, dan Garifta Gading kompatibel pada batang antara Arumanis-143. Sementara itu, batang antara Durih sesuai untuk batang atas Ken Layung, Garifta Orange, dan Garifta Merah. Batang antara tidak berpengaruh terhadap warna daun (baik daun muda maupun daun tua). Kadar antosianin daun pada varietas Garifta Orange, Garifta Merah, dan Garifta Gading yang di top working pada batang antara Arumanis-143 dan Durih lebih tinggi dibanding dengan kadar antosanin daun dari pohon induknya. Pengaruh batang antara Arumanis 143 lebih baik dibanding batang antara Durih terhadap sifat vegetatif maupun kandungan antosianin daun batang atas.</p>