Palynology of exhumed Pliocene marine turbidites and marl beds on the island of Timor provide insights into crustal deformation in the Indonesian region. Between ca. 4.5 and ca. 3 Ma, palynomorphs were sourced primarily from Australia and New Guinea, with increasing swamp and mangrove elements sourced from an emerging proto-Timor. Following ca. 3.1 Ma, pollen and charcoal evidence track the rapid uplift of Timor to a high island, with the progressive appearance of montane and dry, lee-side fl oristic elements. Early-to mid-Pliocene uplift rates of 0.5-0.6 mm yr-1 increased to 2-5 mm yr-1 in the latest Pliocene. The rapid topographic development of Timor-Leste initiated earlier but followed a pattern similar to that of more westerly localities in the Timor sector of the Banda Arc. Timor's emergence from the marine environment is closely correlated with the timing of closure of the Indonesian seaway to deep-dwelling foraminfera.

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Utility mining (UM) is an efficient technique for data mining which aim to discover critical patternsfrom various types of database. However, mining data can reveal sensitive information of individuals. Privacy preserving utility mining (PPUM) emerges as an important research topic in recent years. In the past, integer programming approach was developed to hide sensitive knowledge in a database. This approach required a significant amount of time for preprocessing and formulating a constraint satisfaction problem (CSP). To address this problem, we proposed a new algorithm based on a hash data structure which performs more quickly in itemsets filtering and problem modeling. Experiment evaluations are conducted on real world and synthetic datasets.