Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả phương pháp điều trị laser nội tĩnh mạch để điều trị bệnh lý suy giãn tĩnh mạchĐối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang các bệnh nhân suy giãn tĩnh mạch nông chi dưới được chẩn đoán bằng siêu âm Doppler mạch máu.Kết quả: Từ 11/2014 đến 12/2015 Có 72 trường hợp laser nội tĩnh mạch được chọn nghiên cứu độ tuổi từ 20 – 78, tỉ lệ nữ / nam là 4/1, 71 trường hợp can thiệp trên tĩnh mạch hiển lớn chiếm tỉ lệ 98,6%, chỉ có 1 trường hợp tĩnh mạch hiển bé (1,4%). Đa số được thực hiện laser nội tĩnh mạch với bước sóng 1470 nm, công suất 6 – 10 w. Có 4 trường hợp phải kết hợp với Muller và 8 trường hợp phối hợp tiêm xơ bọt. Phần lớn trường hợp gây tê tại chỗ chỉ có 4 trường hợp gây tê tủy sống (8%). Kết quả bước đầu rất tốt, không có biến chứng trong quá trình thao tác. Đánh giá lâm sàng sau can thiệp đa số bệnh nhân không đau hoặc đau nhẹ không cần dùng thuốc giảm đau, một trường hợp đau nhiều cần phải dùng thuốc giảm đau mạnh khoảng 5 ngày. Siêu âm sau can thiệp 1 tuần: 100% trường hợp tĩnh mạch được can thiệp teo nhỏ và không có dòng chảy bên trong, không có huyết khối tĩnh mạch sâu và nông. Một số bệnh nhân tái khám sau 3 tháng, sau 6 tháng vẫn cho kết quả rất tốt hầu như không có tái phát.Kết luận: Phương pháp laser nội tĩnh mạch trong điều trị suy giãn tĩnh mạch là phương pháp được ưa chuộng trong thập niên gần đây vì tính ưu việt như: ítxâm lấn, tỉ lệ thành công cao, ít biến chứng và có tính thẩm mỹ cao, nhanh chóng đưa người bệnh về cuộc sống thường nhật.
The rapid developments of smart technology and the vision to smart cities have led to parallel developments of various innovative transport means. Among them, road-based autonomous public transport (APT) is being planned, designed and developed worldwide such as the Dynamic Autonomous Road Transit (DART) in the city of Singapore. Innovative vehicle configuration and operation in the APT shall demand new requirements for design and construction of the infrastructure concerning the ride comfort of onboard passengers. This study aims at supporting the required update of guidelines for the design of roadway (e.g. horizontal alignment design), for vehicle speed recommendation along existing infrastructure and for pavement maintenance concerning passenger ride comfort in which DART is considered as a case study for APT application. Bottom-up and top-down approaches are used, in which the former method uses existing bus vehicles and network as a base-line reference while the latter method is based on APT's vehicle specification and operation.At first, this study starts with a comprehensive review of ride comfort thresholds, recent approaches to evaluate passenger ride comfort onboard and to assess road surface irregularity, where research gaps are pointed out for further study. The interaction between passenger-vehicle-pavement is studied through numerical analysis. Given the similarities between regular bus and APT, the former system has been investigated and detailed bus mathematical models are constructed and validated to evaluate the pavement quality that affects passenger ride comfort. Based on the comparison of different bus models regarding their simulation complexity and performance, a refined Bus Ride Index (BRI) is proposed as a key achievement of this research study. At the same time, regression relationships are established between road geometrical design (e.g. horizontal curve radius) and passenger perceptions at different postures onboard the bus. Herein, experimental study with analytical analysis is carried out to evaluate principal factors (e.g. lateral acceleration, lateral jerk and duration of turning movement) affecting passenger-vehicle-road interaction and ride discomfort based on existing bus fleet and road network.Finally, the DART concept is examined from different perspectives such as network analysis, traffic operation and road infrastructure design.The findings indicate that research on geometry design and road maintenance based on passenger ride comfort for APT is important to support the new vehicle concept. In the urban context, while road geometry concerning the horizontal curve is contributing to the upper range (uncomfortable, very uncomfortable to extremely uncomfortable), road roughness is the principal factor affecting passenger ride quality in the lower range of discomfort (not uncomfortable, a little uncomfortable, fairly uncomfortable to uncomfortable). The developed BRI offers a faster, inexpensive, convenient and more suitable method for evaluating bus lane roughness regarding p...
The study focuses on analyzing and evaluating the influence of product/service quality on intention to experience tourism according to OCOP standards in Vietnam. By based on two main sources: Secondary data including documents, newspapers, laws, ... about the OCOP program in Vietnam from 2018-2020 and primary data collected from the survey which is based on decision No. 1048 / QD-Ttg 2019. Research results confirm that product quality has a positive impact on the intention to experience OCOP tourism products. From the research results, the authors will make suggestions and recommendations for points that need to be amended and supplemented for the current OCOP tourism products to improve the customer's intention to use the product in the future.
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