This work attempts to show the usefulness of vibrational spectroscopy (i.e., FTIR and Raman) in the analysis of major components of the original structure materials of a heritage monument (Tropaeum Traiani, Adamclisi). The features of materials and indoor microclimatic variables (i.e., temperature and relative humidity), on the periods of the monitoring campaigns, were considered. As the conservation must make sure about the physicochemical and structural aspects of the materials, assessment of the environmental impact, deterioration processes and characterization of ancient building materials are useful to understand the chemical evolution in the past, predict the various trends in the future, choose the suitable restoration methods to preserve their present state, and even to describe the alteration process of materials and modification through time. The surface of original structure materials used until present seems not to be affected at major scale by the indoor microclimate variables. But even high recorded relative humidity levels promote the occurrence of amorphous calcium carbonate, calcite, aragonite and vaterite highlighted by vibrational spectroscopy data (i.e., FTIR and Raman), as a first effect, the development of biological organism can be enhanced, depending on the characteristics of the substrate. Second, atmospheric pollutants can be dissolved easier in the humidity existing in the porous material, and lastly, if the waterflow inside the stone is not homogeneous, cracks could appear due to differences in permeability.

Waxes as a component of seals, are recognized in our history as adhesives, for surface coating purposes, modeling or casting materials and also in conservation practice. The waxes with mineral, vegetable and animal origin should be connected to modern methods of analysis, due to their complex composition: long chain hydrocarbons, acids, alcohols, esters. They support many mechanical damages in library and archive collections: cracking, pieces lost by an excessive handling of documents. In this paper the compositional analyses of some wax seals belonging to some paper samples have been achieved by Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) - for molecular structural information of wax materials, by gas chromatography / mass spectrometry (GC/MS) - for evidence of some compounds resulted from degraded wax seal, and by optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) - for visualization of the damaging effect on the wax seal. All these analytical investigations have been achieved for wax seals detached from the paper samples recovered from two disaffected pulp and paper factories - Letea and Busteni (Romania) belonging to Romanian industrial patrimony.

The toxic metals have shown a significant concentration increases in the superficial waters as a result of inappropriate residuals discharge by the municipality and industry. For chromium species can be clearly distinguished two oxidation states: Cr(VI) and Cr(III). Also, chromium�s hexavalent form, can be included in A group of human carcinogen for its mutagenic and carcinogenic characteristics. For Cr(VI) separation and recovering, different systems have been used, the chemical membranes being a valuable solution. In order to increase their efficacy, magnetite has been added, creating a complex system. The morphology and surface characteristics of the new systems (polysulfone (PSf) membrane in N-methyl-pyrrolidone (NMP) with magnetite) have been proved with the following types of analysis: FT-IR, Raman, SEM, OM and colorimetric determination of chromium. Magnetite incorporated in the polysulfone/NMP/Fe3O4 membrane is one new solutions used with success in retention of Cr (VI) from wastewater (85%).

The present paper is focused on the microclimatic investigation and weather-climatic phenomena matrix assessment, which can be generated for heritage objectives at different spatial and temporal resolutions, correlated with physicochemical analysis of the particulate matter (PM2.5-10). In the literature the importance of atmospheric PM monitoring in the proximity of monuments is not yet sufficiently highlighted. In this respect, the microclimatic investigation of the Tropaeum Traiani Monument (Adamclisi, Romania) was performed to assess the suitability of a closed environment, located outdoors, according to the conservation requirements of heritage materials. The monitoring campaigns (four seasons, e.g., from summer of the year 2018 to spring of the year 2019) were carried out by non-invasive measuring equipment. The collected data were used to investigate the hygrothermal and chemical behavior inside and outside of Tropaeum Traiani Monument, built in 109, to assess the risks on the oldest structural material. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed by IBM SPSS Statistics software to assess the similarities between the microclimatic parameters.

The aim of the paper was to develop methods for obtaining environmentally friendly nanomaterials. The plant extracts used in this paper were characterized by spectroscopic methods (UV-Vis, FTIR and Raman). In this regard, it was used vegetal material at the optimal time and in the period of maximum maturity of the plant, from the geographical area of Dâmbovița County, and being processed in fresh / dry status. The nanomaterials formed with the help of these plant extracts (Ag) have also been characterized by various analytical techniques (UV-Vis, FTIR, Raman) analysis. The bioactive compounds existing in plant materials are responsible for the bio reduction of silver (Ag+ to Ag0) ions, as well as for the stabilization of silver nanoparticles.