Monkeypox is a zoonosis caused by a double-stranded DNA virus of the Poxviridae family. It currently represents a global epidemic given its contagion reported in more than 31 previously non-endemic countries. We present the case of a 30-yearold male patient from Peru with a diagnosis of monkeypox by PCR test, who manifested an initial clinical picture of asthenia, adynamia, and odynophagia, with the appearance of pustular lesions on the lower lip and in the genital region associated with motor and sensory deficit of the lower limbs with altered state of consciousness, with subsequent findings of acute disseminated encephalitis by brain magnetic resonance imaging. This entity corresponds to an infrequent complication with only one case reported in the literature. The importance lies in knowing the possible imaging findings to suspect the diagnosis and expand the knowledge about this current disease.

Schwannomas are tumors of the macroglia cells, most frequently localized to the brain, in the pontocerebellar angle. We present the case of a 53 year-old female patient who presented multiple times with diffuse abdominal pain and was initially diagnosed as having a complex right adnexal mass. Exploratory laparotomy found a retroperitoneal mass and later on, the presence of a sacral schwannoma was found, suspected initially on contrast magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen and pelvis, and confirmed by means of lesional biopsy and histopathology. This is a rare and unusual presentation accounting for only 5% of this tumor location and poses a challenge for imaging diagnosis, directly impacting the approach to the patient and any future interventions. There are few reports in the literature about giant sacral schwannomas, but these tumors have been found to extend within the spinal space towards the vertebral space, even occupying part of the abdomen. Hence, the importance of recognizing the presence of this tumor as well as its imaging features.

The genetic diversity of 41 Ecuadorian entomopathogenic fungal strains plus one isolate from the USA, from a collection maintained by INIAP (Instituto Nacional Autónomo de Investigaciones Agropecuarias) was determined using a modified AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) approach. We found genetic similarity indexes lower than 0.50 and 121 polymorphic bands. The AMOVA analysis revealed that between-group and within-group variation contributed in similar amounts (59% and 41%, respectively) to the whole genetic variation detected. The dendrogram built using Jaccard's genetic coefficient shows twelve groups, where seven of them contain isolates clustered by genus. From these seven groups, five of them contain isolates clustered by the host from which they were recovered. The Bootstrap values show twelve reliable phylogenetic relations with values higher than 70% of confidence. The Principal Components Analysis (PCA) produced six clusters; four of them contain isolates associated by genus. The results suggest the existence of a considerable genetic diversity within the INIAP's entopathogenic fungi collection, and a clustering tendency related to the host from which they were isolated. We did not find common genomic regions among the most virulent entomopathogenic fungi strains. The high genetic diversity found within this collection represents a potential source of genotypes with potent bioinsecticide activity.Keywords. Biocontrol, Genetic Diversity, AFLP, Entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria, Metarhizium, Verticillium ResumenSe determinó la diversidad genética de 41 cepas ecuatorianas de hongos entomopatógenos y un aislamiento de los EEUU, de una colección mantenida por el INIAP (Instituto Nacional Autónomo de Investigaciones Agropecuarias) utilizando un protocolo modificado de AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism). Se encontraron índices de similitud genéticos inferiores a 0.50 y 121 bandas polimórficas. El análisis AMOVA reveló que la variación entre grupos y dentro de grupos contribuían en cantidades similares (59% y 41% respectivamente) a la variación genética total detectada. El dendograma construido a partir del coeficiente genético de Jaccard muestra doce grupos, de los cuales siete contienen aislamientos agrupados por género. De estos siete grupos, cinco contienen aislamientos agrupados en base al huésped de donde se recolectaron. Los valores de Bootstrap muestran doce relaciones filogenéticas confiables con valores de confianza mayores al 70%. El análisis de componentes principales (PCA) produjo seis grupos; cuatro de ellos contienen aislamientos asociados por género. Estos resultados sugieren la existencia de una diversidad genética considerable dentro de la colección de hongos entomopatógenos del INIAP, y una tendencia de agrupamiento relacionada con el huésped de donde fueron aislados. No se encontraron regiones genómicas comunes dentro de las cepas más virulentas de hongos entomopatógenos. La elevada diversidad genética dentro de esta colección representa una fuente potencial de g...

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