Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in a patient with monkeypox: a case report and radiological findings

Abstract

Monkeypox is a zoonosis caused by a double-stranded DNA virus of the Poxviridae family. It currently represents a global epidemic given its contagion reported in more than 31 previously non-endemic countries. We present the case of a 30-yearold male patient from Peru with a diagnosis of monkeypox by PCR test, who manifested an initial clinical picture of asthenia, adynamia, and odynophagia, with the appearance of pustular lesions on the lower lip and in the genital region associated with motor and sensory deficit of the lower limbs with altered state of consciousness, with subsequent findings of acute disseminated encephalitis by brain magnetic resonance imaging. This entity corresponds to an infrequent complication with only one case reported in the literature. The importance lies in knowing the possible imaging findings to suspect the diagnosis and expand the knowledge about this current disease.

The emerging epidemics in recent: mpox

“…[23] Similarly, industrialization and the movement of people around the world increases close human-to-animal contact. [24] Previous studies predicted that https://doi.org/10.54724/lc.2023.e3 9 / 11 the climate crisis will increase the number of virus transmission between animals by more than 15,000 over the next 50 years, and even if global warming controlled to occur within 2 degrees Celsius, the risk of infection increases as 3,139 species of habitats move by 2070. [25] To prevent the recurrence of existing diseases such as mpox and the spread of new diseases, future studies to understand the causes and mechanisms of spillover and to preserve biodiversity on a global level is essential.…”

Mpox virus spreads from cell-to-cell and leads to neuronal injury in human cerebral organoids

“…From 1985 to 2021, serious neurological manifestations, including confusion, seizures and encephalitis, have been recorded in around 3% of MPXV infected patients 5 , including one fatal case 6 . Since May 2022, encephalitis has been diagnosed in several patients affected by MPXV infection [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] , including two young, healthy men that died following the complications 7 . Animal studies have suggested neuroinvasive potential of MPXV, detecting viral DNA in the brain of several rodent species [15][16][17][18] .…”