Social valuation of ecosystem services and public policy alternatives is one of the greatest challenges facing ecological economists today. Frameworks for valuing nature increasingly include shared/social values as a distinct category of values. However, the nature of shared/social values, as well as their relationship to other values, has not yet been clearly established and empirical evidence about the importance of shared/social values for valuation of ecosystem services is lacking. To help address these theoretical and empirical limitations, this paper outlines a framework of shared/social values across five dimensions: value concept, provider, intention, scale, and elicitation process. Along these dimensions we identify seven main, non-mutually exclusive types of shared values: transcendental, cultural/societal, communal, group, deliberated and other-regarding values, and value to society. Using a case study of a recent controversial policy on forest ownership in England, we conceptualise the dynamic interplay between shared/social and individual values. The way in which social value is assessed in neoclassical economics is discussed and critiqued, followed by consideration of the relation between shared/social values and Total Economic Value, and a review of deliberative and non-monetary methods for assessing shared/social values. We conclude with a discussion of the importance of shared/social values for decision-making

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Valuation that focuses only on individual values evades the substantial collective and intersubjective meanings, signi interdisciplinary aggregation with questions of participation, ethics, and social justice. Synthesising understanding from various contributions to this Special Issue of deliberative valuation, we discuss key the ontology of shared values; 2) the role of catalyst and con services; 4) transcendental values; 5) the process and outcomes of deliberation; 6) deliberative monetary valuation; 7) value aggregation, meta-values and results of this Special Issue and these key questions can help develop a more extensive evidence base to mature the area and develop environmental valuation into a more pluralistic, comprehensive, robust, legitimate and eficance and value from ecosystems. Shared, plural and cultural values of ecosystems constitute a diffuse andfield of research, covering an area that links questions around value ontology, elicitation andEcosystem Services, and with a particular focus on deliberation andfindings and present 35 future research questions in eight topic areas: 1)flict points; 3) shared values and cultural ecosystem‘rules of the game’; and 8) integrating valuation methods. Theffective way of safeguarding ecosystems and their services for the future