Neonatal sepsis is a clinical illness characterized by infection-related signs and symptoms in the first month of life, with or without bacteremia. Septicemia, meningitis, pneumonia, arthritis, osteomyelitis, and urinary tract infections are all examples of systemic illnesses that can affect newborns. Hence, the main aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and factors associated with neonatal sepsis among newborns in Woldia and Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals, northeast Ethiopia, from January 1 to July 30, 2021. Methods: This institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1 to July 30, 2021, on 344 randomly selected neonates who visited the hospital. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select samples, and data were collected using a pre-tested standardized questionnaire. For data entry and analysis, Epi Data version 4.1 and SPSS version 24 applications were used, respectively. The goodness-of-fit was tested by the Hosmer-Lemeshow statistic test. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regressions were used to identify associated factors at a 95% confidence interval. Significance was considered at p-value <0.05. Results: In this study, the prevalence of neonatal sepsis was 79.4% (95% CI: 75.2-83.6%). Maternal UTI/STI history [AOR: 3.1; 95% CI (1.5-7.1)], gestational age <37 weeks [AOR: 4.4; 95% CI (1.0-8.9)], PROM [AOR: 4.9; 95% CI (2.5-6.8)], and new-born resuscitation history [AOR: 2.3; 95% CI (1.5-4.3)] were all significantly associated with neonatal sepsis. Conclusion:This study indicates that the proportion of neonatal sepsis is high. A history of maternal PROM, being a preterm neonate, a history of maternal UTI/STIs, and having received resuscitation at birth were identified as risk factors for neonatal sepsis.

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Introduction: Several kinds of researches are available on preterm mortality in the East Africa continent; however, it is inconsistent and inconclusive, which requires the pooled evidence to recognize the burden in general. Purpose: To collect and synthesis evidence on preterm mortality and identify factors in the East Africa continent. Methods: PubMed, Google Scholar, Hinary, Cochrane library, research gate, and institutional repositories were retrieved to identity eligible articles through Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The articles were selected if the publication period is between 2010-2021 G.C. Data were extracted by a standardized JBI data extraction format for mortality rate and stratified the associated factors. Then exported to STATA 14 for further analysis. I 2 and Egger's tests were employed to estimate the heterogeneity and publication bias respectively. Subgroup analysis based on country, study design, year of publication, and the sample size was also examined. Result: This meta-analysis included 32 articles with a total of 21,405 study participants. The pooled mortality rate among preterm in the East Africa continent was found to be 19.2% (95% CI (confidence interval (16.0-22.4)). Regarding the study design, the mortality rate was found to be 18.1%, 19.4%, and 19.7% concerning the prospective cohort, retrospective cohort, and cross-sectional studies. The pooled odds of mortality among preterm with respiratory distress syndrome decreased survival by nearly three folds [AOR (Adjusted odds ratio ¼ 3.2; 95% CI: 22, 4.6)] as compared to their counterparts. Similarly, preterm neonates presented with birth asphyxia were nearly three times higher in death as compared with preterm without birth asphyxia [AOR ¼ 2.6; 95% CI: 1.9, 3.4]. Conclusion: Preterm mortality was found to be unacceptably high in Eastern Africa continent. Fortunately, the main causes of death were found to be respiratory distress syndrome and birth asphyxia which are preventable and treatable hence early detection and timely management of this problem are highly recommended to improve preterm survival.

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Abstracts Background Burn is one of the leading causes of preventable death and disability every year in low and middle-income countries, which mainly affects those aged less than 15 years. Death from burn injuries carries the most significant losses, which often have grave consequences for the countries. Even though data from different settings are necessary to tackle it, pieces of evidence in this area are limited. Thus, this study was aimed to answer the question, what is the Magnitude of Mortality? And what are the factors associated with mortality among burn victim children admitted to South Gondar Zone Government Hospitals, Ethiopia, from 2015 to 2019? Methods Institutional-based cross-sectional study design was used to study 348 hospitalized burn victim pediatrics’, from 2015 to 2019. A simple random sampling method was used. Data were exported from Epidata to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Significant of the variables were declared when a p-value is < 0.05. Result The mortality rate of burn victim children in this study was 8.5% (95% CI = 5.5–11.4). Medical insurance none users burn victim children were more likely (AOR 3.700; 95% CI =1.2–11.5) to die as compared with medical insurance users, burn victim children with malnutrition were more risk (AOR 3.9; 95% CI = 1.3–12.2) of mortality as compared with well-nourished child. Moreover, electrical (AOR 7.7; 95% CI = 1.8–32.5.2) and flame burn (AOR 3.3; 95% CI = 1.2–9.0), total body surface area greater than 20% of burn were more likely (AOR 4.6; 95% CI 1.8–11.8) to die compared to less than 20% burn area and burn victim children admitted with poor clinical condition at admission were four times (AOR 4.1, 95% CI = 1.3–12.0) of mortality compared to a good clinical condition. Conclusion The mortality among burn victim children was higher than most of the studies conducted all over the world. Medical insurance none users, being malnourished, burned by electrical and flame burn, having total body surface area burnt greater than 20%, and having poor clinical condition at addition were significantly associated with mortality of burn victim pediatrics. Therefore, timely identification and monitoring of burn injury should be necessary to prevent mortality of burn victim pediatrics.