Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional yang bekerjasama dengan Komite Nasional Keuangan Syariah mendefinisikan sektor Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) sebagai penggerak utama halal value chain dalam Masterplan Ekonomi Syariah yang dirilis pada tahun 2019. Dipilihnya UMKM sebagai agen penggerak halal value chain bukanlah tanpa alasan. UMKM telah menjadi tonggak penggerak perekonomian nasional dan merupakan unit usaha yang sangat dekat dengan berbagai lapisan masyarakat. Hal ini menjadi sangat strategis mengingat dalam Masterplan Ekonomi Syariah Republik Indonesia tahun 2019-2024 pertumbuhan masyarakat menengah di Indonesia meningkat hinga 7%-8% per tahun. Sayangnya sertifikasi halal di Indonesia saat ini masih belum optimal. Masih banyak pelaku UMKM yang belum sadar akan pentingnya melakukan sertifikasi halal. Beberapa penyebabnya natara lain adalah kurangnya kesadaran konsumen akan sertifikasi halal, sehingga pelaku usaha makanan halal tidak melihat sertifikasi halal sebagai sebuah added value dalam bisnis mereka. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, kami mengusulkan solusi dalam bentuk sosialisasi, pelatihan, dan pendampingan kepada UMKM di kota Surabaya terkait proses produksi halal dan bisnis digital. Kegiatan yang akan dilaksanakan meliputi pelatihan kader halal untuk memberikan sosialisasi mengenai konsep halal hingga Sistem Jaminan Halal (SJH) dan pendampingan dalam implementasi proses halal. Program-program tersebut diharapkan dapat memberikan bekal pengetahuan dan informasi yang cukup khususnya bagi UMKM untuk menuju proses sertifikasi halal bagi produknya, sekaligus membantu UMKM tersebut untuk mempersiapkan diri menuju transformasi digital.
Resource allocation commonly becomes one of the critical problems in project scheduling. This issue usually occurs because project managers estimate the schedule of activities and network time without considering resource availability. Resource-Constrained Project Scheduling Problem (RCPSP) links to the allocation of resources or set of resources into certain activities in order to accomplish particular objectives. Various approaches have been performed to overcome RCPSP, including the heuristic approach. In this research, Ant Colony Algorithm is used to solve RCPSP. There are 11 examples of projects being investigated with dissimilarity in-network and several activities. The implementation of the Ant Colony Algorithm resulted in the percentage of a near-optimal solution of 63.64%. Besides, the duration obtained from the algorithm above the manual scheduling (assumed optimal) was only 4.29%. Sensitivity analysis was performed to understand how substantially the changes of ACO parameters influenced the result obtained from the algorithm. Based on the result, it could be concluded that the parameters of ACO have no significant effect to project duration.
Undang-undang Jaminan Produk Halal telah menetapkan kewajiban bersertifikat halal bagi seluruh produk yang beredar dan diperdagangkan di Indonesia. Namun masih banyak pelaku UMKM yang belum melakukan sertifikasi halal terhadap produknya karena kurangnya pemahaman mengenai proses sertifikasi halal dan kendala pembiayaan. Untuk menangani persoalan tersebut, diadakan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang terdiri atas pemasyarakatan, pelatihan, dan pendampingan terkait proses produksi halal kepada para pemilik UMKM di kota Surabaya Timur. Sebanyak 14 UMKM telah mengikuti pelatihan penyelia halal dan mendapatkan pendampingan dalam proses pengajuan sertifikasi halal. Selain itu, pelaku UMKM juga didampingi dalam mengajukan Nomor Ijin Berusaha (NIB). Terdapat 12 UMKM yang telah mengajukan sertifikasi halal secara self-declare, sedangkan 2 UMKM mengajukan sertifikasi halal secara reguler.
This study contributes to the fish reverse supply chain due to lack of social-economic and environmental impacts. This study aims to develop a mathematical model for fish reverse supply chain with multi-echelons, multi-products, and multi-periods considering the social-economic (job opportunities and profit) and environmental (carbon emissions) impacts through mixed-integer linear programming (MILP). The proposed model provides social-economic insight for governments to understand the increasing of job opportunities if fish gelatin and powder industries can process fish waste (fish bones and skin). The managerial insight for fish processing industries to increase profit and reduce carbon emission in production, transportation, and warehouse. A sensitivity analysis is illustrated to show that the supply of raw fish, selling prices, and purchasing costs are sensitive to total profit, carbon emissions, and job opportunities. The results show that the total profit for five months is IDR 21,779,378,445 and the largest contribution to the total cost is the costs of purchasing, emission costs, and production costs, which are 44.04%; 23.7%; and 18.2%, respectively.
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