An important aspect influencing the provision of a given seeding rate is the interaction of seeds with the mechanism of the double ejector under various operating modes of the sowing unit. The study of the interaction of seeds with structural elements of the sowing machine, taking into account their physical and mechanical properties, will allow us to evaluate the efficiency of seed placement at various speeds of the sowing unit and develop automatic control systems for the mechanism of the twin ejector. The purpose of the study is to determine the statistical characteristics of the distribution of seeds depending on the position of the twin ejector and the rotational speed of the sowing disc and to determine the optimal values of these parameters. The design and operating parameters of the sowing machine were determined using the methodology of planning a multifactorial experiment. A second-order planning matrix based on two-factor Box-Wilson plans was used. Lisbon soybeans were used for research. The speed of the meter disk was varied from 15 rpm (low level) to 55 rpm (high level). The position of the seed ejector was set so that the suction hole was blocked halfway (lower level) to a fully open hole (upper level). The coefficient of variation of the time intervals between the ejection of seeds from the sowing apparatus and the crushing of seeds were chosen as optimization criteria. The regression equations that adequately describe the seeding process under study were obtained from the results of the experiments. Installed. that the control factors should be within the following limits: the rotational speed of the seeding disc should be from 15 to 35 rpm, and the position of the excess seed remover should provide overlapping of the holes by 10 - 35%, while the coefficient of variation will be less than 33%, and the crushing of seeds less than 1 %. The data obtained can be used to develop a control algorithm for the automatic regulator of the position of the twin ejector, depending on the speed of the sowing unit.

. A promising direction for the development of precision seeding drills is their electrification with the development of a control system for the rotation of the disc of the seeding apparatus, as well as the improvement of the seeding control system with the subsequent development of an algorithm for automatic control and regulation of the position of the puller doubles. The interaction of seeds with a capacitive seeding sensor is necessary to study and determine the duration of the flight of one seed through its sensitive elements to ensure high-quality and reliable operation of the automatic control system for the position of the doubles puller. The research was carried out with seeds of various crops: soy (variety “Lisbon”), corn (variety “Falcon”), lupin (variety “Delta”), sugar beet for experiments (fraction: 3.50–4.75). The values of the time of flight of seeds through the sensitive elements of the seeding sensor were determined with an accuracy of one millisecond in the course of laboratory studies and displayed on the display in the form of a graph, stored in the computer's memory and then processed by methods of mathematical statistics. Data on the time of flight of seeds through the capacitive sensor, which are for: soybean - from 11 to 13 ms, lupine - from 11 to 14 ms, sugar beet - from 7 to 9 ms, corn - from 12 to 14 ms were obtained from the results of research. They practically do not change in the operating speed range of the sowing unit (sowing disc rotation frequency 20 - 60 rpm), and can be taken as the time of flight of one seed in further calculations.The obtained data will allow to determine more detailed information about the operation of the sowing unit (skips, twins, damaged seeds), which will significantly increase the functionality of the seeding control systems used.