In the presence of the COVID-19 epidemic, due to quarantine measures, millions of people around the world are under the stress of infection and have to adapt to new conditions of social functioning. The high risk of developing of mixed anxiety-depressive adaptation disorders in the presence of COVID-19 quarantine measures determines the relevance of this study. Study purpose. To study the prevalence and clinical level of mixed anxiety-depressive disorders in medical personnel under the COVID-19 quarantine regime. Material and methods. 51 employees of the Republican national enterprise on the right of economic jurisdiction “Republican scientific and practical center of mental health” (RSPCMH) were examined: doctors, junior and medium-level medical personnel. The main study method is psychometric (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Score – HADS). Results and discussion. The work presents an analytical review of literature data on the problem of adaptation disorders and current international studies on mental disorders in medical workers under the COVID-19 quarantine regime. According to the results of this study, affective disorders in the form of depressive and anxiety-depressive reactions within the framework of adaptation disorders were detected in 37.3% of the medical staff of the RSPCMH. Conclusions. It was found that the higher the risk of COVID-19 infection, the more often depression is detected and in departments with a lower risk of infection, more often mixed anxiety-depressive disorders are detected. Preventive measures aimed at increasing the stress tolerance of medical workers are recommended. Key words: COVID-19, stress, adaptation disorders, anxiety, depression, stress protectors, tranquilizers.

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Introduction: Studies have shown that exposure to potentially traumatic events (PTEs) during the migration process has serious consequences on mental health. Migrants with a history of PTEs are more likely to inflict deliberate self-harm (DSH), a spectrum of behavior that includes non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). With reference to a nonclinical sample of trauma-exposed migrants, this study aims to explore the prevalence of DSH and to assess the association with sociodemographic characteristics and clinical conditions, with particular attention to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, resilience capabilities, and feelings of hopelessness.Methods: A sample of migrants underwent a baseline evaluation at an outpatient department of the National Institute for Health, Migration and Poverty (INMP). Migrants with a history of torture, rape, or other severe forms of psychological, physical, or sexual violence were invited to undergo screening at the Institute's Mental Health Unit. Trauma-exposed migrants completed a series of self-report questionnaires that assessed the presence of PTSD, depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, resilience, and feelings of hopelessness, in addition to DSH. Univariate and multivariate log-binomial regression models were used to test the association of age and clinical characteristic of migrants with DSH. Prevalence ratio (PR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) and p-values were estimated.Results: A total of 169 migrants (76.9% males), aged between 18 and 68 years, M = 28.93; SD = 8.77), were selected. Of the sample, 26.6% were frequently engaging in some form of DSH, and 30.2% were diagnosed with at least one trauma-related disorder. DSH behaviors were most common in single and unemployed migrants as well as in subjects with post-traumatic stress symptoms, feelings of anxiety, hopelessness, low capability of resilience, and suicidal ideation. Taking into account age and hopelessness, we found that PTSD and low resilience capabilities were associated with a higher risk of DSH [PR adj: 2.21; 95% CI: (1.30–3.75) and PR adj: 2.32; 95% CI: (1.16–4.62), respectively].Conclusion: Given the association between trauma exposure and DSH among migrants, exploring the presence of DSH behavior within the immigrant community is crucial for the implementation of measures to develop intervention in a clinical setting.

Background: New psychoactive substances are a combined group of chemical substances developed in an attempt to circumvent control and restrictive measures for traditional drugs. Until 2017, the countries of Central Asia remained a gray spot on the maps of epidemiological new psychoactive substances reports. The largest share of new psychoactive substances on the Kazakhstani market became of a serious concern for both the law enforcement authorities and the public health services during the last five years.Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the proportion of hospitalizations in Kazakhstan related to new psychoactive substances addiction over a three-year period (2016)(2017)(2018) and to describe the patterns of new psychoactive substances use in the sample of admitted patients.Material and methods: This study was a retrospective, cross-sectional investigation using regional databases consisting of the 2018 cases of hospitalizations at 16 state regional mental treatment centers and 3 state narcological clinics across Kazakhstan. We analyzed 345 cases of NPS addiction.Results: The proportion of admitted in 2018 new psychoactive substances patients amounted to 10.01% (9.1%; 11.1%), comprising an ascending trend since 2016. The highest prevalence of the new psychoactive substances addiction was registered in Nur-Sultan, Almaty cities, and North-Kazakhstan region. Cathinones prevailed over other NPS groups (71.9%) and were mostly used in parallel with traditional opioids. Synthetic cannabinoids (28.1%) were associated with herbal cannabis use in three quarters of cases; smoking absolutely prevailed as the main route of their administration. Conclusion:This study suggests that new psychoactive substances addiction is a current clinical phenomenon, which should be reflected in the development and revision of the national drug treatment programs across Kazakhstan. The disparity of new psychoactive substances prevalence in the regions should be considered in the development of local anti-drug plans by the health care service and law enforcement authorities.

Проведенное исследование, с использованием информационной системы мониторинга социальных сетей представило возможность увидеть глобальное состояние ситуации о психоэмоциональном состоянии лиц с суицидальными тенденциями. Сбор открытых сообщений из страниц пользователей социальных сетей осуществлялся с помощью информационно-аналитической системы «Alem Media Monitoring». Определённые нами ключевые слова-маркеры позволили разметить тональность информации (позитивная/негативная/нейтральная) и произвести селекцию постов с негативным контентом, включая контенты лиц с суицидальными тенденциями, в том числе пытавшихся совершить суицидальные попытки. Для анализа содержимого негативных контентов были разработаны более 40 параметров, которые позволили провести психолого-психиатрическую экспертную оценку психоэмоционального состояния 350 депрессивных постов лиц с суицидальными тенденциями и выделить некоторые особо патогенные эмоции, эмоциональные состояния и конфликты. The study, using the information system for monitoring social networks, provided an opportunity to see the global state of the situation about the psychoemotional state of persons with suicidal tendencies.The collection of open messages from the pages of social network users was carried out using the information and analytical system "Alem Media Monitoring". The marker keywords we identified made it possible to mark the tone of the information (positive/negative/neutral) and to select posts with negative content, including the content of people with suicidal tendencies, including those who tried to make suicidal attempts. To analyze the content of negative content, more than 40 parameters were developed that made it possible to conduct a psychological and psychiatric expert assessment of the psycho-emotional state of 350 depressive posts of people with suicidal tendencies and highlight some especially pathogenic emotions, emotional states and conflicts.