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This paper studied the dynamics of the blood leukocyte composition in Wistar male rats at rest and when swimming with a weight before and after being administered a succinate-containing drug (Suc, meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid). Two control groups of animals kept in standard vivarium conditions were selected: those that received Suc 12 hours before the examination (VivC+Suc) and those that did not receive it (VivC). Similarly, two groups of animals were formed that were swimming with a load (4 % of their body weight) to exhaustion: those that received the drug 12 hours before the test (Swim4%+Suc) and those that did not receive it (Swim4%). Unidirectional shifts characterizing the morphofunctional state of white blood cells under experimental conditions were detected. In VivC+Suc animals, compared to VivC, we found an increase in the number of leukocytes due to the growing number of eosinophils and monocytes, large lymphocytes and microlymphocytes with a relative decrease in the number of small lymphocytes and an unchanged level of granulocytes with a tendency towards a decrease in the number of stab neutrophils. In the Swim4%+Suc group, compared to the Swim4%, changes in the number of white blood cells and their subpopulation composition manifested themselves in a similar way to the redistribution of immunocytes identified in the control groups. The increase in the neutrophilto-lymphocyte ratio in the Swim4%+Suc group as an indicator of stress tolerance corresponded to the increase in the swimming time of rats by the factor of 2.8. The differences in the blood cell composition between the VivC+Suc and VivC groups are viewed as the influence of Suc on the body’s preparation to the fulfilment of the protective function under physical load, since the distribution pattern of the blood leukocyte composition in rats from the VivC+Suc group is very similar to that of the Swim4%+Suc group. The practical significance of this study is associated with the search for new biologically active substances that optimally influence the immune system of animals under increased load. New data on the mechanism of blood redistribution in animals under the action of Suc before the swimming test can be used to study the manifestation patterns of acute adaptation effect. For citation: Rubtsova L.Yu., Mongalev N.P., Vakhnina N.A., Shadrina V.D., Chupakhin O.N., Boyko E.R. Effect of a Succinate-Containing Drug on the Blood Leukocyte Composition in Rats at Rest and During a Weight-Loaded Forced Swimming Test. Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 2021, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 182–191. DOI: 10.37482/2687-1491-Z056

The aim of the study is to analyze the effect of succinate-containing drugs on the cellular composition of blood in rats at rest, during free swimming and weight-loaded forced swimming test. Materials and Methods The study was carried out on practically healthy sexually mature male Wistar rats (250–300 g). Animals received a succinate-containing drug (meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid) at rest, before free swimming and weight-loaded swimming (4 % of body weight), and after 12 hours before exercise. Then, the levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, the number of erythrocytes, reticulocytes and leukocytes with the distribution of their subpopulation composition were detected in the blood of rats. The authors measured the diameter of 100 reticulocytes and erythrocytes stained according to Romanovsky-Giemsa technique and by brilliant cresyl blue. The significance of differences in the reactions of rats’ blood cells was determined by the Kruskal-Wallis test using the R package WRS2(version 3.4.2). Results. The use of a succinate-containing drug in animals increased the proliferative activity foremost of lymphoid tissue. At rest, the indicators of the cellular composition of blood in rats corresponded to those after free swimming without succinate-containing drug use, which is considered as a transition of the functional state of the body to a level corresponding to the physical activity. The effect of the succinate-containing drug was more pronounced in animals during weight-loaded forced swimming test: duration of swimming increased by 2.8 times. Conclusion. In rats, the efficacy of a succinate-containing drug is manifested under intense physical activity. The practical use of a succinate-containing drug is physiologically justified if animals are under functional stress.

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