This systematic review presents the most important characteristics and trends of research in circular supply chain management (CSCM), taking into account the impact of COVID. In addition, the similarities and differences between the basic concepts often used as synonyms for sustainability are also presented. First, the sample database (39,000 records) was based on a search containing publications’ titles regarding supply chain management (SCM). After narrowing the topic from SCM towards CSCM, the considered paper characteristics were expanded, including abstract and author keywords, to get a manageable number of samples for the systematic analysis (6095 documents) and the most accurate results possible. The analysis’ base sample was divided into two periods (before and after 2012) due to a significant increase and change in the number of publications, their subject, characteristic journals and geographical location. Sustainability has emerged since 2012, while a circular approach emerged after 2017 with a significant share of research, mainly thanks to relevant EU policies. Although the role of the US has been decisive in the field, the European research bases of previous years have increasingly been replaced by Far Eastern dominance. Currently, CSCM’s most important journal is the International Journal of Supply Chain Management (Elsevier), but most articles on the impact of COVID have been published in Sustainability (MDPI). More effective policy implementation and the fight against COVID in the development of supply chains are also likely to spread the circular economic model in the future.

No abstract

Jelen tanulmány egy nyugat-dunántúli város -Nagykanizsa -településmárkájának elmében elfoglalt helyét vizsgálja asszociációkkal a városban középiskolába járó fiatalok körében. A márka egyénileg kialakított elmebeli leképezésének kutatását a helyi fiatalok nagyfokú elvándorlása indokolja, amelyre a középiskolás tanulmányaik végén nagy arányban kerül sor. A kérdőíves kutatás során Nagykanizsa hat középiskolájának diákjait kérdezték meg, hogy megismerjék a válaszadók településről alkotott véleményét, azzal kapcsolatos asszociációit. A szabad asszociációk esetében a legtöbb válaszadó az infrastruktúrát, a helyi nevezetességeket nevezte meg, míg az irányított asszociáció során a fiatalok "szépnek, unalmasnak és kicsinek" írták le a várost. Mindkét esetben enyhe többségben voltak a negatív asszociációk, amelyek alapján érezhető a vélemények kettőssége: egy szép, felújított, tiszta város képe rajzolódott ki, ami szemben áll egy koszos, üres, érdekes programokat nem kínáló település érzetével. A településmárka autómárkákhoz hasonlítása során a megkérdezettek legnagyobb számban Trabantként, Suzukiként és Ladaként írták le a várost, ezek választása arra utal, hogy a fiatalok nem egy modern, dinamikus helynek tartják Nagykanizsát. Az állatnevek asszociációja hasonló véleményre enged következtetni, a lajhár kimagasló számú említése egy lassú, nehézkesen fejlődő település képét tárták a szerzők elé. Úgy vélik, hogy az élhetőség javítására és az azonosulás és kötődés növelésére lenne szükség a városvezetés részéről, ennek érdekében fogalmazták meg javaslataikat. Kulcsszavak: márkázás, városmárka, asszociációs vizsgálat, középiskolások, NagykanizsaThis paper examines the mental associations of a city brand -that of the Hungarian city Nagykanizsa located in West-Hungary. These associations were collected among young people attending high school in the city (Generation Z). The research is motivated by the high percent of local young people leaving the city after finishing their high school education. Students from six secondary schools in Nagykanizsa were asked to give their opinion and their associations about the city in the questionnaire. In free associations, most respondents named the infrastructure and the local attractions, while in the guided association young people described the city as "beautiful", "boring" and "small". In both cases, negative associations had a slight majority, which showed the dual character of the evoked associations: a beautiful, renovated, clean city was contrasted with the city image of a dirty, empty town with no interesting programs. When comparing the city brand to car brands, the three car brands mentioned most times were Trabant, Suzuki and Lada, suggesting that young people do not regard Nagykanizsa as a modern, dynamic settlement. Comparing the city brand to animals, the results were similar: most compared the city to a sloth describing a settlement with slow and idle development. At the end of the paper, recommendations are formulated based on the results to show how to improve the liveab...

No abstract

In our comparative analyses we tried to identify those factors that can affect the success of the projects implemented at the border region. We involved three cross-border programs into our analyses and studied the project of the Austria-Hungary, Slovenia-Hungary and Hungary-Croatia Cross-border Co-operation Programmes. In this article we have undertaken to compare the results of these analyses and find out the similarities in the factors determining the project success. We assumed that there are no significant differences among the project success influencing factors in the studied programs, and the same or at least very similar affecting factors can determine the success. Our primary research proved this hypothesis, so thanks to it we can state that the projects implemented in the analysed cross-border cooperation programs are influenced by some organizational and individual factors: the time factor of the project success can be high if the project manager has direct management and monitoring rights and his or her authority does not depend on others; furthermore if the personality and the methodological competencies of the project manager are given. The project management success can be reached if the project manager has some managerial competencies, as well.