The literary review is devoted to one-year-old sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) - an annual herbaceous plant of the genus Sunflower (Helianthus L.), widely cultivated in the USA, Argentina, Turkey, Romania, the Russian Federation, mainly with the aim of obtaining oil from seeds. Russia produces up to 20.3% of one-year-old sunflower, which is one of the country's main food and technical crops. It accounts for over 80% of the sown areas of oilseeds, which are concentrated mainly in the Altai Territory, the Volga Region, the North Caucasus and the Central Black Earth Region. The review summarizes the information of the scientific literature on the chemical composition, biological activity of biologically active substances contained in different parts of one-year sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). The data presented in the review show a wide range of pharmacological effects of the plant Helianthus annuus L., including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, antiplasmodium, anti-ulcer, antihistamine, antidiarrheic, hypolipidemic, litholytic, nephrolytic, anxiolytic, antioxidant, anticancerogenic, A wide range of pharmacological activity is due to the rich chemical composition of roots, flowers, leaves of Helianthus annuus L., which are currently used mainly in folk medicine and are cheap, available raw materials, which are the waste of processing this actively cultivated agricultural crop in the Russian Federation, which provides prospects for developing quality standards of various parts of the plant Helianthus annuus L. and medicines based on them for implementation in the medical and pharmaceutical practice of our country.

The aim of the study was to develop and validate an express method for the isolation and quantitative determination of water-soluble polysaccharides from the roots of sunflower of a one-year-old. To accelerate the process of extracting biologically active substances from the roots of one-year-old sunflower, as well as increasing the yield of water-soluble polysaccharides, it was decided to use an ultrasonic bath. Varying the process parameters, it was possible to select the optimal conditions for extracting water-soluble polysaccharides of sunflower roots of one-year-old under ultrasound treatment conditions: crushing of raw materials 0.5–1.0 mm, temperature – 80 °C, extraction rate – 3, duration of extractions - 30 minutes, ultrasound frequency – 30 kHz, ratio of raw materials and extractant 1 g per 15 ml. The proposed technique allows intensifying the process of producing water-soluble polysaccharides from sunflower roots of one-year old and reducing the time spent on it to 5–6 hours, as well as increasing the product yield to 16.29% in terms of absolutely dry raw materials. The developed technique is precision in the conditions of repeatability, correct, stable and has a fairly rigid linear dependence of the mass of the sediment on the mass of the analyzed raw materials in gravimetric determination of water-soluble polysaccharides in the roots of sunflower of a one-year-old. The procedure can be used for express analysis of the quality of sunflower roots of one-year old, as well as in industrial production of water-soluble polysaccharides from this kind of raw material.

The roots of the dandelion drug (Taraxacum officinale F.H. Wigg) are rich in chemical composition and contain water-soluble polysaccharides based on inulin. The aim of the study is to select optimal parameters of ultrasonic extraction of water-soluble polysaccharides from dandelion roots based on regression analysis. For the experiment, raw materials purchased from one of the pharmacies in the city of Voronezh were used. A sample of raw materials (1.0 g) was placed in an ultrasonic bath "Grad 40-35," which allows maintaining the necessary temperature and frequency of ultrasound with a given duration of time. one-year old, as well as in industrial production of water-soluble polysaccharides from this kind of raw material. Then, 10 (15 or 20) ml of purified water purified from impurities at a temperature of 60 °C to 80 °C was measured with a measuring flask and extracted from 10 to 20 min with a multiplicity of 1 to 3, and after each of the multiple studies, the same raw material was further filtered with a new solvent. The initial conditions and the data obtained during the experiments made it possible to present the regression model in the form of a linear multiple regression equation, which can be used with sufficient accuracy in prediction and analysis. The adequacy of the model was confirmed by testing hypotheses against Pearson's x2 criterion. The correlation coefficient derived from the values of the regression coefficient and the mean square deviation was used in determining the tightness of the overall relationship between the source and the obtained data. In addition, a detailed study of a sample of those variables whose priority was not clearly expressed was carried out by processing when fixing their values. The most important conditions for extraction of dandelion roots for obtaining the most stable performance should be considered: extraction temperature – 80 °C; extraction multiplicity – 3, ultrasound frequency – 35 kHz, extraction time – 40 min, ratio of raw material and extractant – 1 g per 10 ml, at the same time, grinding of raw material can vary from 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm.

The aim of the study was to develop and validate an express procedure for the isolation and quantification of water-soluble polysaccharides from high devisyl roots (Ínula helenium L.). In order to accelerate the process of extracting biologically active substances from the roots of high devisil, as well as to increase the yield of water-soluble polysaccharides, it was decided to use an ultrasonic bath. By varying the process parameters, it was possible to select optimal extraction conditions of water-soluble polysaccharides of high-grade roots under ultrasound treatment conditions: raw material grinding 0.5–1.0 mm, temperature – 80 °C, extraction multiplicity – 3, extraction duration – 15 min, ultrasound frequency – 35 kHz, ratio of raw material to extractor 1 g per 15 ml. The proposed technique allows to intensify the process of preparing polysaccharides water-soluble from roots high and to reduce the time spent on it up to 4-5 hours, as well as to increase the yield of the product up to 31.6% in terms of absolutely dry raw materials. The developed method is precise under the conditions of repeatability, correct, stable and has a rather strict linear dependence of the sediment mass on the analysed raw material mass at gravimetric determination of polysaccharides water-soluble in the roots of high devisil. The technique can be used for express analysis of high devasil roots quality, as well as for industrial production of water-soluble polysaccharides from this kind of raw material.