No abstract

A detailed inspection of a dam in Thailand is reported for its time-dependent gradual expansion towards upstream, contrary to the expected downstream creep deflection owing to hydrostatic loads. In this study, based on petrographic analysis and SEM, a sample of cored concrete from the dam was found to undergo a low to moderate level of ASR. The potential for future expansion was verified using an accelerated laboratory test. The experimental data were used to evaluate the dam performance by conducting an FEM analysis. The numerical model was calibrated with the observed deflection, and the mechanical stresses owing to the combined ASR and hydrostatic loads were estimated for various ages of the dam. In addition, stress and deflection were predicted using probabilistic methods. A sensitivity analysis was also performed to monitor the behaviour of the dam under various environmental conditions and input parameters. It was found that the gradual deterioration by ASR does not pose a high risk to the dam under normal loading conditions.

Background and objectives: Hydrazone ligands along with their metal complexes exhibit important biological potential. Our objective was to synthesize new Schiff base ligands and their metal complexes which can act as vital drugs. Metal complexes of Zn(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Mn(II), Co(II), Hg(II), Cd(II), Sn(II), Zr(II), and Fe(II) were synthesized from a novel Schiff base (1-((3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-isopropyl-1H-indol-2-yl)methylene) hydrazine) ligand. The synthesized metal complexes were studied for antimicrobial, antimalarial, and anti-tubercular activity.Methods: Schiff base hydrazone (1-(3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-isopropyl-1H-indol-2-yl) methylene) hydrazine) ligand and metal complexes were synthesized using the condensation method. The ligand and metal complexes were characterized using analytical techniques. Results:The synthesized ligand was found to be bidentate in nature. The stoichiometry of the metal ions to ligand was 1:2. Complexes of Co(II), Cu(II), Mn(II), and Cd(II) displayed excellent antimicrobial activity. The Mn(II) complex was active against M. Tuberculosis, while Cu(II) and Cd(II) exhibited excellent activity against malaria compared to standard drugs. The present work reports synthesis, characterization, and biological screening for antitubercular, antimicrobial, and antimalarial activity of metal complexes of bidentate (1-((3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-isopropyl-1H-indol-2-yl)methylene) hydrazine) Schiff base ligands. Among the synthesized series of metal complexes, Cu(II) and Cd(II) complexes displayed excellent activity against malaria and moderate to good antimicrobial and anti-tubercular activity was observed for the synthesized metal complexes. Conclusions:We report the synthesis of a new (1-((3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-isopropyl-1H-indol-2-yl)methylene) hydrazine) Schiff base bidentate ligand and metal complexes. Metal complexes exhibit biological activities.