The calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC) accounts for 1 % of jaw cysts, found most commonly as central lesion. The COC usually manifests itself as a painless, slow growing swelling, anterior to the first molar region. Radiographically it appears as a well-defined, unilocular radiolucency, and may have a radiopaque mass in its center. Majority of the cases appear before the fourth decade of life. The COC is found rarely in patients in the first decade of life. Histopathological features include a cystic lining demonstrating characteristic "Ghost" epithelial cells with a propensity to calcify. Here we report the unusual occurrence of a case of 8 year child diagnosed with bilateral COC on right and left side of mandible.

No abstract

No abstract

A new interface element's constitutive model is proposed in this study for analyzing masonry using simplified micro-modeling (SMM) approach, in which mortar and two unit-mortar interfaces are lumped into a zero-thickness joint (modeled using an interface element) between expanded masonry units. The new model is capable of simulating tension cracking, shear slipping, and compression failure and is defined by a convex composite failure surface consisting of a tensionshear and a compression cap failure criterion. It removes the singularity in the tension-shear region but not in the compression-shear region. In addition, the proposed model is based on the hypothesis of strain hardening. The robustness and computational cost of the proposed model are compared to different constitutive models (which are based on three, two and single failure criterion) that have been widely used in the literature to describe masonry behavior through a series of oneelement tests and through the comparison of finite element (FE) response simulation of an unreinforced masonry shear wall. The FE response results indicates that the proposed constitutive model is more efficient than and at least as accurate as the other constitutive models for analyzing masonry using SMM approach.