Tingkat produktivitas tenaga kerja merupakan salah satu faktor yang menentukankeberhasilan suatu pelaksanaan proyek khususnya dalam bidang industri jasa konstruksi. Salahsatu cara untuk mengadakan pengukuran tingkat produktivitas tenaga kerja yaitu denganmengadakan penelitian besarnya tingkat LUR(Labour Utilitation Rate) dari masing-masingpekerja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1)untuk mengukur produktivitas kerja tukang padapekerjaan pasangan dinding bata ditinjau dari segi waktu efektif tukang bekerja dalam 1 harikerja (2)untuk mengetahui luasan dalam m2 yang dihasilkan oleh tukang pada pekerjaanpasangan dinding bata, dalam beberapa kondisi kerja yaitu : a)Pekerjaan dilakukan sendirioleh tukang, pada ketinggian 0-1,5m, dalam 1 hari kerja. b)Pekerjaan dilakukan oleh seorangtukang dibantu oleh seorang pekerja, pada ketinggian 0-1,5m, dalam 1 hari kerja. c)Pekerjaandilakukan oleh 1 tukang dibantu oleh seorang pekerja, pada ketinggian 1,5m–3,0m, dalam 1hari kerja.Penelitian ini terdiri dari enam tahap yaitu tahap studi literatur termasuk jurnal dan artikelyang relevan, tahap survey lapangan, tahap penentuan subjek dan objek pengamatan, tahappengambilan data, tahap pengolahan data. Dari hasil perhitungan dan analisis data diperolehjumlah waktu efektif dan jumlah luasan dalam m2 yang berbeda antara pekerjaan pasangandinding bata yang dilaksanakan seorang tukang dan pekerjaan yang dilakukan oleh tukangdibantu seorang pekerja.
In construction field, the use of high performance concrete is essential for pre-cast and pre-stress concrete production where the addition of chemical admixture was found effectively contributes in strength. This research presents the results of using Superplasticizer polymer type Ligno C-165 in making high strength concrete. The percentage use of this material is 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1%, 1.25% and 1.5% by weight of cement. The concrete samples were tested at the age of 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after water curing. The results show that the addition of 1.5% SP increased the strength of concrete at 28 days with strength value of 64.97 MPa or 166.08% stronger than the target strength of f’c=40 MPa. This is an indication that the increase of Superplasticizer polymer type Ligno C-165 dosage in concrete will also increases the strength that can be due to the effect of SP in reducing the water content that may produces denser matrix concrete with less volume of voids resulted in improving the properties of high strength concrete. From the results, the application of this mixture proportions could be used for producing building construction elements in the field of civil engineering.
No abstract
Aspal Beton adalah jenis perkerasan jalan dari campuran agregat, dengan bahan pengikat aspal. Sumber agregat tidak pernah luput dari bahan yang merugikan, seperti butiran lunak atau lempung. Curah hujan yang tinggi dan sistem drainase yang tidak baik, berkontribusi positif pada kerusakan lapis perkerasan aspal beton. Salah satu karakteristik aspal beton adalah Durabilitas yaitu; keawetan campuran aspal terhadap perubahan cuaca, kadar air, suhu, maupun keausan akibat gerusan roda kendaraan. Sejalan dengan uraian tersebut, maka tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh Nilai Sand Equivalent dan waktu perendaman terhadap durabilitas campuran aspal beton. Dengan metode eksperimen di Laboratorium terhadap beberapa bahan baku aspal, agregat dan sampel campuran aspal – agregat dengan memperlakukan beberapa variasi campuran Nilai Sand Equivalent (50, 60, 70, 80 dan 90 %) dan waktu perendaman (24 dan 48 jam) terhadap kadar aspal optimum diperoleh Durabilitas campuran Aspal Beton pada perendaman 24 dan 48 jam berturut-turut pada batas kadar SE 83,43 % dan 85,67 % masih durable.
Disaster management is crucial to protect the area in order to overcome the impact from such disaster. This paper aims to plan safety zone area and evacuation route for village settlement to be natural disaster resistance. Moreover, an evacuation building is planned with a safe structure as a temporary place for the community. The study area is Bentenan village in North Sulawesi. This area has a high risk of natural disaster including earthquake and tsunami. The methodology is field study with data collected using a drone to get data contour area and analyse using computer program AutoCAD for measurement. The standard for safe area and previous research is used as a comparison for the zoning area. The result shows that for maximum30 meter high of a tsunami wave, all area has a great impact on damage due to the area of settlement is under 30-meter-high above the sea level. For evacuation route, more alternative safe evacuation area should be provided with a location on the highest area. Available main streets are easily accessed while route on the green area should be made. Building for evacuation should have a good quality of material and structure and easy access for the community.
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