The Hydrometeorological ARray for Isv-Monsoon AUtomonitoring (HARIMAU), a 5-year project under the Japan EOS Promotion Program (JEPP) contributing to the Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS), has begun in 2005 to set up a radar-profiler network for observing the world's most active convective activities over the Indonesian Maritime Continent (IMC). Rainfall and wind distributions are displayed in nearly real time on the internet. Both scientific understanding and practical concepts on intraseasonal variations (ISVs) interacting with larger (seasonal and interannual) and smaller (diurnal or local) scale phenomena will be established. These are expected to contribute greatly and directly to climatic disaster prevention over the IMC and to global climate change assessment through studies on the global effects of the IMC-induced variations such as El Nino, and through construction of the first climatic database over the IMC.

The ionospheric diurnal variation from TEC Global Ionospheric Maps (GIM) data at the epicenter coordinates of the Lombok earthquake on July 29 2018 (-8.4°, 116.5°) has been analyzed using harmonic function which is the sum of the sine and cosine functions with estimated harmonic coefficients obtained using Kalman Filter (KF) method. The initial value of the estimated KF method was obtained from Least Square Estimation (LSE) on the first day data. The estimated TEC value by the KF method shows that there are seasonal variations of the peak values of diurnal variations which is a result of variation in the zenith angle of the sun that change over a year with peaks in March and November in the equator. The results of the first-order harmonic amplitude analysis, namely the diurnal TEC variation (A24) which is the root value of the sum of the squared values of the A1 and B1 coefficients were further analyzed by estimating polynomials with order 17 to eliminate the seasonal effect on A24. The difference in value of A24 from its estimation with order 17 polynomial (delta A24) shows the influence of geomagnetic and seismic activity. A24 analysis based on solar radiation flux at wavelength 10.7 cm (F10.7) does not indicate a strong influence or relationship> Equatorial geomagnetic disturbance index (etc.) shows the influence of geomagnetic storms on diurnal amplitude and earthquake data around Lombok indicating symptoms of pre-earthquake that affects the ionospheric TEC through a decrease in diurnal amplitude a few days before the earthquake.

Precise Point Positioning (PPP) of a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) can be considered as an alternative solution from the differential GNSS positioning technique. Recently, PPP technique takes the spotlight due to its low cost and large number of users. Initially dual frequency PPP technique was implemented using GPS only observations. Nowadays, it has started to combine GPS+GLONASS observations in order to improve the position accuracy and reduce the convergence time. The main objective of this research is to examine the performance ionospheric correction methods of the real time PPP using RTKLIB. RTKLIB is an open source program package for GNSS positioning. The overall results show that the ionosphere free LC method of real time RTKLIB PPP present better accuracy rather than Klobuchar model for all positioning modes.