The authors emphasize the importance of studying academic fraud among students. This phenomenon takes on large-scale dimensions. The authors are convinced that the solution of the problem depends on the scientific knowledge of the psychological portrait of students. Within the framework of the personalist approach, the authors present a review of the scientific literature. The authors identified a problematic field of empirical research that would reveal the dynamics of students' subjective perceptions of a person who resorts to academic fraud. A sample of the study was formed, the author's questionnaire was presented. The results of a longitudinal study of the dynamics of subjective perceptions of cognitive characteristics, emotional manifestations, and behavioral patterns of a student's personality are presented for discussion. To complete the psychological portrait of the students, valid psychodiagnostic techniques were used in the study. The stages of the study are presented. The analysis of empirical data is based on the evidence-based methods of the statistical thesaurus. The findings of the study revealed the students’ ideas about the person resorting to plagiarism. In conclusion, the authors formulated step-by-step programs of psychological support for students to refuse to use various schemes of academic fraud.
Counteracting corruption, which is viewed as a systemic phenomenon, requires a complex approach. It is impossible to eradicate it using nothing but criminal law prohibitions. Combating corruption should also include other mechanisms that will make it possible to fight negative phenomena effectively. The authors make an attempt to study the issue of counteracting corruption with the help of criminal procedure tools. Witness protection is one of such tools, it includes not only witnesses of corruption crimes, but also persons that facilitate the detection of corruption and the uncovering of corruption schemes at the earliest stage of committing corruption crimes and offences - the stage of planning or attempting. The risk of corruption crimes is increased if there is no system to support and protect whistleblowers. The development and implementation of a system of measures aimed at protecting people that report corruption crimes and offences have a crucial importance for preventing corruption and establishing the rules of anti-corruption behavior for public officials and other persons. The program of protecting whistleblowers in cases of corruption is aimed at providing accessible and safe channels for reporting corruption violations, reliable protection of whistleblowers against all kinds of influence as well as the development of mechanisms to publicize information which would contribute to the reforms in the legislative and law enforcement spheres for the purposes of corruption prevention. At present there is a substantial gap in the Russian legislation in the sphere of disclosing information about corruption crimes and offences as well as a specialized system of whistleblower protection. The authors use the analysis of international legal acts and foreign legislation to research the problems of corruption whistleblowers and present suggestions on solving them.
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