BACKGROUND The early diagnosis of urgent abdominal pain (UAP) is challenging. Most causes of UAP are associated with extensive inflammation. Therefore, we hypothesized that quantifying inflammation using interleukin-6 and/or procalcitonin would provide incremental value in the emergency diagnosis of UAP. METHODS This was an investigator-initiated prospective, multicenter diagnostic study enrolling patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with acute abdominal pain. Clinical judgment of the treating physician regarding the presence of UAP was quantified using a visual analog scale after initial clinical and physician-directed laboratory assessment, and again after imaging. Two independent specialists adjudicated the final diagnosis and the classification as UAP (life-threatening, needing urgent surgery and/or hospitalization for acute medical reasons) using all information including histology and follow-up. Interleukin-6 and procalcitonin were measured blinded in a central laboratory. RESULTS UAP was adjudicated in 376 of 1038 (36%) patients. Diagnostic accuracy for UAP was higher for interleukin-6 [area under the ROC curve (AUC), 0.80; 95% CI, 0.77–0.82] vs procalcitonin (AUC, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.62–0.68) and clinical judgment (AUC, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.65–0.72; both P < 0.001). Combined assessment of interleukin-6 and clinical judgment increased the AUC at presentation to 0.83 (95% CI, 0.80–0.85) and after imaging to 0.87 (95% CI, 0.84–0.89) and improved the correct identification of patients with and without UAP (net improvement in mean predicted probability: presentation, +19%; after imaging, +15%; P < 0.001). Decision curve analysis documented incremental value across the full range of pretest probabilities. A clinical judgment/interleukin-6 algorithm ruled out UAP with a sensitivity of 97% and ruled in UAP with a specificity of 93%. CONCLUSIONS Interleukin-6 significantly improves the early diagnosis of UAP in the ED.
ZusammenfassungEin breites Bevölkerungsscreening könnte die Mortalität von Dickdarmkrebs erheblich reduzieren. Die Darmkrebsvorsorge ist in der Schweiz aber wenig beliebt. Um die Voraussetzungen für eine effiziente Darmkrebsvorsorge zu schaffen, müssen unterschiedlichste Verbesserungen angestrebt werden. Finanzielle Hindernisse sollten gesamtschweizerisch abgebaut und einheitliche Richtlinien geschaffen werden. Die Verfügbarkeit von verschiedenen wissenschaftlich etablierten Tests sollte den persönlichen Präferenzen Rechnung tragen. Das allgemeine Bewusstsein um die Bedeutung des Dickdarmkrebses muss verbessert und die verbreiteten Ängste und falschen Vorstellungen abgebaut werden. Alle Bemühungen dürfen nicht nur jene erreichen, die regelmässig einen Arzt aufsuchen, sondern müssen auch sozial schlechter Gestellte erfassen und sprachliche Barrieren überwinden. Die Rolle des Hausarztes bei der Entscheidungsfindung ist zentral. Hausärzte sollten durch Erinnerungssysteme und allenfalls Entschädigungen für den administrativen Aufwand unterstützt werden. Positive Screeningtests müssen innert nützlicher Frist abgeklärt werden, was genügend Endoskopie-Plätze bedingt. Organisierte überregionale Vorsorgeprogramme können mithelfen, die Qualität und den Nutzen langfristig zu sichern.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2025 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.