The D allele of the ACE gene is associated with essential HTN and T2DM in Malaysian subjects.

ObjectiveAntibiotics and retinoids have been used for acne vulgaris for decades. Though effective, each has its own drawbacks. Chemical peels have been used for treatment of acne vulgaris with inadequate clinical evidence. We sought to determine the efficacy and safety of Jessner’s solution (JS) in comparison with salicylic acid (SA) 30% in the management of acne vulgaris and postacne hyperpigmentation in patients with colored skin.MethodsA total of 36 subjects (94.5% Fitzpatick Type IV‐V) were recruited in this randomized double‐blinded, split‐face, controlled trial. Each side of the face was randomly assigned for treatment with either JS or SA. Subjects were treated once fortnightly for a total of three sessions. Lesion counting, Michaelsson acne score (MAS), photographs, and postacne hyperpigmentation index (PAHPI) were used to objectively assess the improvement. Complications were assessed during each visit. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS v22.0. Significance was set at P = 0.05.ResultsAt the end of therapy, significant reduction in inflammatory, noninflammatory lesions, MAS, and PAHPI scores (P < 0.001, respectively) were noted in comparison to baseline. Mixed model analysis revealed no significant outcome difference between the two groups. Patients who reported good and very good outcome were 76.4% (JS) and 85.3% (SA). Burning, stinging sensation, and exfoliation were the common complications reported. Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation was reported only once in the JS arm.ConclusionBoth JS and SA were equally effective in the treatment of acne vulgaris and reducing postacne hyperpigmentation in patients with colored skin.

No abstract

With the proposed method, physicians are able to assess vitiligo treatment efficacies objectively.

This paper emphasizes the formation of a positively charged nanoemulsion system for steroid drugs (hydrocortisone). It is believed that positively charged nanoemulsion provides more effective penetration of the skin. Therefore in our study we focused on the incorporation of phytosphingosine which serves as a positively charged cosurfactant in the nanoemulsion system. Negatively charged nanoemulsions were formulated mainly for comparison. Freshly prepared formulations were formed with particle size less than 300 nm and showed good stability over time. The oil-in-water nanoemulsion also showed good viscosity, conductivity, and pH values. From TEM micrograph, particle size showed consistent results with the measurement using photon correlation spectroscopy. It was concluded that both positively and negatively charged nanoemulsions showed good stability and have great potential in transdermal delivery system. Though, further investigation of the drug release and drug penetration of both positively and negatively charged nanoemulsions will be studied to further prove the efficacy of nanoemulsion with hydrocortisone as a delivery system for dermal application.