Highlights Clinical picture generally manifests as “overlap syndrome” and leads to vicious circle. Early identification of rising cytokine storm and multilevel course of treatment is imperative. Adjunctive treatment improves the success in fight with consequences of CRS. Recognition of epigenetic factors might lead to personalized approach.

The present paper deals with rather rare burn injuries of the tympanic membrane and middle ear. Literary resources of this topic are scarce. On 36 thermal injuries of the ear, the conservative treatment results have been evaluated from the anatomical and functional points of view. The discussion is aimed at the mechanisms of injury, pathogenesis and results of treatment of middle ear burns. Importance of prevention is emphasized.

Fusafungine in spray improves quality of life after the tonsillectomy and so completes the spectrum of adjuvant postoperative local treatment possibilities.

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SummaryBackgroundAirway inflammation represents the basis of respiratory allergic disease and is generally associated with increased oxidative stress. As a consequence of successful treatment leading to hyposenzibilization and remission of symptoms, decrease of reactive oxygen formation is expected.Material/MethodsThis preliminary study evaluates the production of oxygen free radicals in white blood cells and changes in basic immunological parameters in a cohort of 50 patients (27 females and 23 males, age 14–48 years) with upper airway allergic inflammation caused by pollens, before and during specific immunotherapy.ResultsWe found an unexpected significant increase in the free radical concentration during and after treatment in comparison to values before the treatment and to the control group. Statistical analysis also found significant increase of IgG3 after initial treatment and also 1 year after allergen immunotherapy. Although there were similar trends in the elevated ROS and elevated IgG3, these were not statistically significant.ConclusionsWe observed changes in oxidative mechanisms in white blood cells of patients treated with AIT. Allergen immunotherapy works at a multilayer level and influences airway inflammation as well as the protective antimicrobial defense in treated patients. Further studies for understanding the mechanisms involved in oxidative stress as well as for laboratory monitoring of therapeutic approaches in allergic diseases are needed.