Fever, dullness, tachypnea, bilateral nasal discharge, cough, dyspnea, and abnormal lung auscultation were all symptoms of pneumonic goats. To evaluate the hematological, biochemical and pulmonary function changes in 45 pneumonic goats compared with 10 apparently healthy ones, whole blood and serum samples were collected. The results revealed that pneumonic goats had significantly lower (P<0.05) RBCs, Hb, and PCV levels than healthy goats. A decrease in lymphocyte count and an increase in WBCs and neutrophils were found to be significant (P<0.05) in pneumonic goats compared to healthy ones. Blood pH and pO2 were significantly reduced (P<0.05) while pCO2, tCO2, and HCO3 were significantly elevated (P<0.05) in pneumonic goats compared to healthy ones. Biochemically, K, MDA, Hp and SAA showed significant (P<0.05) increase, whereas Cl and TAC showed a significant (P<0.05) decrease in the pneumonic goats compared to control group. The echotexture of the pneumonic consolidation on ultrasound resembles that of the liver. The chest x-ray showed increased opacity with a cotton-wool-like look that may be more grey or white. According to the findings, the diagnostic techniques mentioned above are helpful in diagnosing goat pneumonia. So, this study aimed to evaluate some selected biochemical parameters and different diagnostic methods including ultrasonography and radiography in pneumonic goats.
D ogs hold a special position in most human societies, not equaled by any other animal species. The extraordinary intelligence of dogs has been exploited by human beings for conducting various activities, including hunting, retrieving, herding, rescue operations, tracking and security. Zinc is one of the most significant trace elements found in living creatures, and it plays a role in a variety of biological processes, including carbohydrate, lipid, protein and nucleic acid metabolism (Al-Saad et al., 2010). It has a role in keratinization regulation, optimal reproductive function, wound healing, immune system function and maintenance normal sense of smell and taste (Miao et al., 2013).Zinc is required for growth, cell formation, proliferation and differentiation (Underwood and Suttle, 1999). Zinc is a component of more than 70 metalloenzymes and found in muscle, bone, teeth, reproductive organs, liver, spleen and hair. It is a component of thymosin, a thymic hormone involved in the immunological response, and serves as a cofactor in cellular protein synthesis (Willense, 1995).Skin stores about 2% of the total amount of Zn in the body, with the epidermis containing six times more zinc than the dermis. Zinc levels are higher in tissues with high epithelial proliferation rates, as well as normally parakeratotic sites like the nose and keratinized pressure areas like the footpads (Colombini, 1999).Zinc deficiency can be caused by a lack of Zn in the diet or by genetic defects (Machado et al., 2011). It develops from eating diets that are low in Zn "primary deficiency" or diets high in phytates, which block Zn absorption, or high in minerals like calcium (which chelates Zn in the
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