No abstract

No abstract

In Indonesia, hypertension is a condition that can lead to death through stroke and TB. Herbs have traditionally been used in Indonesia as an alternative medicine for lowering blood pressure. The leaves of Anredera cordifolia and Sonchus arvensis have been investigated for their antihypertensive potential. Based on the number of treatments, rats were randomized into groups. Each group consists of five rats. The test animals were grouping as follows: the positive control group (hypertension induction without treatment), A. cordifolia 50 mg/kg b.w. group, A. cordifolia 100 mg/kg b.w., S. arvensis 50 mg/kg b.w, S. arvensis 100 mg/kg b.w., A. cordifolia 25 mg/kg b.w + S. arvensis 25 mg/kg b.w, A. cordifolia 50 mg/kg b.w + S. arvensis 50 mg/kg b.w, and atenolol 4.5 mg/kg b.w. The rats were given 0.25 mg/kg b.w. of epinephrine intraperitoneally. The initial, after induction, and final blood pressure of the animals were measured using the CODA ® noninvasive blood pressure device. All animal test groups at T60 showed a significant difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressures to initial blood pressure (T0), P < 0.05. The combination of A. cordifolia 50 mg/kg b.w and S. arvensis 50 mg/kg b.w showed the highest percent inhibition of systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The combination of A. cordifolia and S. arvensis 50–50 mg/kg b.w showed the best effect of lowering systolic and diastolic blood pressure on the pathway of inhibiting adrenergic receptors.

Sonchus arvensis L. leaves have been used traditionally to treat various disease conditions. This study is designed to evaluate cardioprotective potential of ethanol extract of S. arvensis leaves on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in Wistar rat. Male Wistar albino rats were divided into three main groups: negative control (saline only), positive control (isoproterenol only), and S. arvensis extract treated groups. S. arvensis extract was administered in three doses; 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg b.w. p.o for 14 days. On day 13 and 14, isoproterenol (85 mg/kg bw) was given intraperitoneally to positive control and extract treated groups. The parameters studied were cardiac biomarker enzymes which were Creatine Kinase (CK), Creatine Kinase-MB (CK-MB), Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alanine Transaminase (ALT) and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH). The results showed that S. arvensis at dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. could significantly (P<0.05) reduce the level of CK, CK-MB, AST, ALT, and LDH in myocardial infarcted rats compared to positive control. The increase of the dose of S. arvensis extract was not followed by an increase of its cardioprotective activity. In conclusion, Sonchus arvensis L. leaves extract at dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. has potential to be developed as cardioprotective drug.

Diare merupakan gangguan buang air besar (BAB) yang ditandai dengan BAB lebih dari 3 kali sehari dengan konsistensi tinja cair, dapat disertai dengan darah dan atau lendir. Salah satu tanaman yang berkhasiat dan digunakan masyarakat sebagai antidiare adalah senggani (Melastoma malabathricum L.). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek dan dosis efektif infusa daun senggani terhadap mencit yang diinduksi diare dengan Oleum ricini. Mencit dikelompokkan menjadi 5 kelompok: kelompok kontrol positif (induksi diare), kelompok pembanding (loperamid), dan kelompok uji infusa daun senggani dosis 26 mg/kg BB, 52 mg/kg BB, dan 104 mg/kg BB. Mencit diinduksi diare dengan Oleum ricini, 30 menit kemudian mencit diberikan sediaan uji kecuali kelompok kontrol positif. Frekuensi, bobot, dan konsistensi feses diukur setiap 30 menit selama 4 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelompok infusa daun senggani dosis 52 mg/kg BB menunjukkan frekuensi dan bobot feses yang lebih rendah berbeda bermakna dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol positif (P<0,5) pada pengamatan menit ke-240. Konsistensi feses kelompok infusa daun senggani dosis 52 mg/kg BB cenderung normal pada pengamatan menit ke-240.  Infusa daun senggani dosis 52 mg/kg BB menunjukkan efek antidiare yang paling baik dibandingkan dengan infusa daun senggani dosis 26 mg/kg BB dan 104 mg/kg BB pada mencit yang diinduksi Oleum ricini.