AbstrakIkan mujair (Oreochromis mossambicus) merupakan salah satu hasil perikanan yang melimpah sehingga memerlukan variasi pengolahan. Salah satu metode yang dapat digunakan untuk mengolah ikan mujair adalah fermentasi. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh NaCl terhadap profil fermentasi ikan mujair. Terdapat tiga perlakuan konsentrasi NaCl, yaitu 15, 20, dan 25 g/100 mL dalam fermentasi mujair pada suhu 31°C selama 8 hari dengan 5 kali pengulangan. Pengukuran dan pengujian dilakukan terhadap produk fermentasi yang meliputi uji mikroba, suhu, kadar pH, organoleptik, dan asam organik total. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dan dideskripsikan pada masing-masing perlakuan. Konsentrasi NaCl pada konsentrasi 15 g/100 mL memiliki kadar pH 6, koloni mikroba 3,2 x 106 CFU/mL, asam organik total 0,72% dan nilai uji organoleptik 2,45. Konsentrasi 20 g/100 mL memiliki kadar pH 6, koloni mikroba 3,9 x 106 CFU/mL, asam organik total 0,88% dan nilai uji organoleptik 2,5. Konsentrasi 25 g/100 mL memiliki kadar pH 5, koloni mikroba 4,8 x 106 CFU/mL, asam organik total 1,12% dan nilai uji organoleptik 2,78. Profil fermentasi ikan mujair terbaik ditemukan pada pada perlakuan NaCl 25 g/100 mL.Abstract Mujair fish (Oreochromis mossambicus) is one of the abundant fishery products that need various processing. Fermentation is one of the methods that can be used to process mujair fish. The research was intended to analyze the effect of NaCl concentration on fermentation profile of mujair fish. There were three treatment variations on NaCl concentration which were 15, 20, and 25 g/100 mL in mujair fermentation at 31 °C during 8 days with 5 times repetition. The fermentation products were tested and measured by microbial test, temperature, pH, organoleptic, and acid. The data obtained were analyzed and described for each treatment. The result of NaCl concentration on 15 g/100 mL was pH 6, microbial colonies 3.2 x 106 CFU/mL, total content of organoleptic acid 0.72% and organoleptic test 2.45. NaCl concentration on 20 g/100 mL was pH 6, microbial colonies 3.9 x 106 CFU/mL, total content of organoleptic acid 0.88% and organoleptic test 2.5. NaCl concentration on 25 g/100 mL was pH 5, microbial colonies 4.8 x 106 CFU/mL, total content of organic acid 1.12% and organoleptic test 2.78. The best profile fermentation of mujair fish was founded on 25 g/100 mL.
Pemahaman siswa terhadap suatu konsep sangat penting saat proses pembelajaran. Siswa yang memiliki pemahaman berbeda dengan pendapat para œahli berarti siswa tersebut mengalami miskonsepsi atau salah konsep. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan profil miskonsepsi siswa pada materi Kingdom Plantae kelas X MIPA 1 dan X MIPA 5 SMA Negeri 4 Sidoarjo serta penyebabnya. Metode penelitian secara deskriptif kuantitatif, dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2017 Mei 2018 dengan sampel 72 siswa kelas X MIPA 1 dan X MIPA 5 serta satu guru Biologi. Instrumen penelitian berupa tes diagnostik three-tier test sebanyak 20 butir soal untuk mengetahui profil miskonsepsi dan pedoman wawancara untuk mengetahui penyebab miskonsepsi pada siswa. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa miskonsepsi siswa pada materi Kingdom Plantae dikelompokkan menjadi tiga kategori yaitu miskonsepsi tinggi 25%, miskonsepsi positif 10,2% dan miskonsepsi negatif 9,9%. Miskonsepsi paling banyak terjadi pada konsep komponen siklus hidup Gymospermae (75%); definisi arkegonium lumut (66,7%); ciri khusus paku (65,3%); dan ciri sporofit lumut (63,9%). Penyebab miskonsepsi siswa yaitu pemahaman terhadap istilah-istilah pada materi Kingdom Plantae, buku ajar siswa, dan penjelasan dari guru yang mengalami miskonsepsi.
Identification of students' conceptions is an important step before developing suitable learning methods to improve students' understanding. One of the best way to identify students’ conception is the use of diagnostic test. Therefore, the development of diagnostic tests were important in the teaching and learning process to help the teacher determine the students’ conceptions, wheater they have scientific conceptions, lack of knowledge, or misconception. The aim of this research is to develop a valid and reliable four-tier diagnostic test to identify students’ conceptions in inheritance. The research method consists of three main stages: define content, obtaine information about students’ conception, and develop the four-tier test. The result from the research demonstrated that the four-tier test that was developed, was valid and reliable instrument in diagnosing students’ conception in inheritance concepts.
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