This study aims to determine the growth response of the hypocotyl date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cv. Barari on several types and concentrations of Growth Regulators (PGR) in vitro. The research was carried out by planting 30-day-old hypocotyl dates on Murashige Skoog (MS) media by giving several concentrations of ZPT Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) and Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP). The treatment given is; P0 (Media MS0, without the addition of PGR), P1 (Media MS+1 ppm NAA+1 ppm BAP), P2 (Media MS+2 ppm NAA+1 ppm BAP), and P3 (Media MS+3 ppm NAA+1 ppm BAP). Each treatment consisted of 20 explants with 3 replications. The parameters observed were: 1) the first time shoots/roots appeared; 2) percentage of explants forming roots; 3) percentage of explants forming shoots; and 4) the color of the explants in each treatment after 30 days. Observational data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the hypocotyl response of the Barari cultivar planted in treatments P1, P2, and P3 showed cell enlargement and elongation, in contrast to explants in treatment P0 which did not show any growth response. In treatments P1 and P2, cell elongation occurred until the 10th day followed by root formation on the 15th day after planting. The percentage of explants that formed roots at P1 and P2 were 21.67% and 16.67%, respectively. In the P3 treatment, the explants only experienced cell enlargement and elongation without the formation of shoots or roots. The color of the explants on P0 treatment was slightly brown green with black tips after 30 DAP. Explants planted at P1, P2, and P3 formed shoots or shoots+roots, the hypocotyl area remained green, shoots were greenish-white, and roots were white.

This study aims to determine the potency of Renggak (Amomum dealbatum) extract as bio pesticide against Pyricularia oryzae and Xanthomonas oryzae. Therefore an in vitro of  antifungal and antibacterial activity of the Renggak ethanol extract were carried out against Pyricularia oeyzae and Xanthomonas oryzae. In vitro antifungal  analysis were done using agar diffusing method by dissolving Renggak extract (1%, 5%, and 10%) into fungal medium and the growth of  Pyricularia oryzae were observed. In vitro antibacterial analysis were complited using agar diffusing method with paper disk that contain Renggak extract (10%, 20%, and 30%) and antibiotic chloroamfenikol as positive control. The result suggest that Renggak fruit extract has antifungal and antibacterial activities. The treatment with 10% Renggak extract could inhibit the growth of Pyricularia oryzae to 100%, same with positive control (Fungicide Score-250). In vitro test for antibacterial activity showed that treatments with 20% and 30% Renggak extract gave inhibitory activities that similar with positive control. Renggak ethanol extract gave positive results on Flavonoid, Alkaloid, Steroid, Terpenoid, and Saponin tests. GC-MS assays showed that Renggak ethanol extract produces at least 10 organic compounds that was identified as  2-butanone, 4-methoxypheyl, Benzenepropanoic-aci, 4-hydroxyphenil, CAS, octadecanoid acid, stearic acid, palmiti acid, Benzenepropanoic acid, dan Farnesol isomer A, which have antimicrobial avtivities.

Selada merupakan salah satu jenis sayuran yang memiliki nilai komersial dan nilai gizi yang cukup baik untuk dikembangkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui a) Satu/lebih kombinasi perlakuan konsentrasi pupuk hayati Bio-Extrim dan dosis pupuk kandang kambing memberikan pertumbuhan dan hasil lebih baik dibandingkan perlakuan lain, b) satu/lebih konsentrasi pupuk hayati Bio-Extrim yang meberikan pertumbuhan dan hasil lebih baik dibanding dosis lain, c) satu/lebih dosis pupuk kandang kambing yang memberikan pertumbuhan dan hasil lebih baik dibanding dosis lainnya. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni sampai dengan Agustus 2022 di Rumah Kaca, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Mataram. Penelitian  menggunakan metode Eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) Faktorial dengan 2 faktor perlakuan yaitu: 1) Pupuk hayati Bio-Extrim terdiri dari 4 perlakuan yaitu: D0 = 0 liter/ha, D1 = 1 liter/ha, D2 = 2 liter/ha, D3= 3 liter/ha. 2) Pupuk kandang kambing terdiri dari 4 perlakuan yaitu K0 = 0 ton/ ha, K1 = 10 ton/ha, K2 = 20 ton/ha, K3 = 30 ton/ha. Diperoleh 16 kombinasi yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga terdapat 48 unit percobaan yang diacak secara bebas. Berdasarkan hasil percobaan dapat disimpulkan bahwa kombinasi pupuk hayati Bio-Extrim dan pupuk kandang kambing berpengaruh terhadap berat brangkasan basah dan berat brangkasan hasil. Konsentrasi pupuk hayati Bio-Extrim berpengaruh terhadap berat brangkasan basah dan berat brangkasan hasil.

The study was conducted to determine the effect of several compositions of growth regulators (PGR) on germination and shoot initiation of dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.) in vitro. The study consisted of 2 experimental stages. The first phase of the study was aimed to determine the effect of the addition of Gibberellin PGR on the length of time the sprouts appeared, the number of explants that germinated, and the length of the sprouts produced. The second stage of the research was to determine the combination of PGR Indhol Acetic Acid (IAA) and Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) which was able to initiate the emergence of shoots in the hypocotyl of dates. The study was designed using a completely randomized design (CRD). The first experiment consisted of 3 media treatments, namely: agar without additional ZPT (GA0); agar medium with 50 ppm GA (GA1); and agar medium with 100 ppm GA (GA2). Each media treatment consisted of 5 seeds and was repeated 3 times. The second stage of the experiment was designed in a completely randomized design with 5 media treatments, namely: P0 (MS medium without PGR); P1 (MS + 1 ppm IAA + 1 ppm BAP); P2 (MS + 2 ppm IAA + 1 ppm BAP); P3 (MS + 3 ppm IAA + 1 ppm BAP); P4 (MS + 1 ppm IAA + 2 ppm BAP); and P5 (MS + 1 ppm IAA + 3 ppm BAP). Each treatment consisted of 5 explants and repeated 3 times. Parameter observation data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and if significant results were obtained, continued with the Least Significant Difference (BNT) further test. The results of the first experimental data analysis showed that the treatment with 50 ppm GA3 significantly shortened the time of emergence of sprouts to 10 days and the number of explants that germinated on average was 4.5 explants. The results of observations and data analysis in the second experiment showed that the combination of IAA and BAP ZPT were significantly able to induce shoot formation on P4 and P5 media, which were 2.83 and 1.3 explants that formed shoots, respectively. Treatment with P4 was able to significantly increase the number of shoots produced by an average of 2.63 shoots per explant.

Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan dalam meningkatkan kualitas tanah dalam rangka peningkatan produksi pertanian adalah melalui pemanfaatan pupuk hayati. Pupuk hayati merupakan mikroorganisme tanah yang dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman melalui peningkatan suplai dan penyerapan unsur hara tanah. Mikrobia tersebut dapat diperoleh dari tanaman yang bersimbiosis dengannya, salah satunya adalah Putri malu (Mimosa pudica). Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk memperoleh isolat mikrobia pembentuk bintil akar yang bersimbiosis dengan tanaman Putri malu (Mimosa pudica) indigenus yang hidup di lahan kering Pringgabaya, Kabupaten Lombok Tmur, Nusa Tenggara Barat sebagai sumber isolate dalam produksi pupuk hayati. Untuk itu dilakukan isolasi mikrobia dari bintil akar tanaman Putri malu yang dilanjutkan dengan karakterisasi isolate yang didapat. Isolasi dilakukan dengan menginokulasi suspensi bintil akar ke dalam media tumbuh berupa Yeast Manitol Agar (YMA). Pemurnian isolate dilakukan dengan menumbuhkan isolate pada YMA ke dalam media YMA yang baru dengan teknik streak quadrant dan dilanjutkan dengan pengecatan gram. Biakan murni isolate selanjutnya diamati morfologi koloni secara makroskopis serta morfologi sel secara mikroskopis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 7 isolat dari bintil akar tanaman Putri malu (Mimosa pudica), yaitu isolate A, B, C, D, E, F, dan G. Berdasarkan analisis kenampakan koloni secara makroskopis, yang dilanjutkan dengan pengamatan morfologi sel secara mikroskopis, dan pengecatan gram, diduga isolat tersebut tergolong ke dalam genus Bacillus (isolat A, C, D dan G), Rizhobium (isolat D), Pseudomonas (isolate F), dan Actynomycetes (isolate E).