Objective: Energy drinks have an impact on concentration levels, physical performance, speed of reaction, and focus, but these drinks cause many adverse effects and intoxication symptoms. The main goal of this study was to determine the effect of energy drink consumption on ovarian reserve and serum anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) levels. Materials and Methods: Female Wistar albino rats (n=16) were included and randomized into two groups (n=8). Serum AMH levels were checked before and after energy drinks were given. Eight weeks later, the ovaries and uteruses of the rats were analyzed histopathologically. The number of follicles in the ovaries was counted. Results: The total number of the preantral plus small antral follicles, which show the ovarian reserve, was decreased at the end of eight weeks in both the control group and the energy drink group. There was a statistical difference between them (p=0.021). Also, there was a statistically significant difference in the initial/final AMH (ng/mL) reduction levels between the control group and the energy drink group (p=0.002). AMH levels were decreased more in the energy drink group. Conclusion: The consumption of energy drinks can lead to a decrease in ovarian reserve and AMH values and may cause weight gain.
Background/Aim: Post-operative pelvic adhesions cause various problems in patients, pose surgical difficulties to clinicians, and an increase in health costs. We compared the effectiveness of two natural materials, Trehalose (TRZ), Human Amnion Fluid (HAF), with oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC) in terms of adhesion prevention after gynecological operations. Methods: In this controlled experimental study, twenty-four female Wistar Hannover rats were divided into four groups: Control, TRZ, HAF, and ORC. The control group received medication used for the surgical procedure only. 3% TRZ, cell-free HAF, and 1 cm 2 ORC (interceed®) were laid on the tissue on the antimesenteric side of each uterine horn damaged with a 10-Watt bipolar cautery. Adhesions were scored 30 days after the first surgical procedure. Results: The extent, severity, degree, total adhesion, inflammation, and fibrosis scores of the control group were significantly higher than those of the TRZ and HAF groups (P<0.05 for each). There was no significant difference between the Control and ORC groups in terms of inflammation (P=0.055), but all other parameters were significantly higher in the control group compared to the ORC group (P<0.05). The TRZ group had lower total adhesion scores (P=0.019) and histopathological scores (P=0.015, P=0.001) than the ORC group. Conclusions: TRZ and HAF may be useful in preventing pelvic adhesions.
Epilepsili olguların yaklaşık %25'i reprodüktif çağdadır. Günümüzdeki anti-epileptik ilaçlarla nöbetler kontrol altına alınmakta ve bu olgularda artmış oranda gebelik tercihi olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada epilepsili gebe olguların gebelik sonuçlarının incelenmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma epilepsi tanısı olan gebelerin dosya kayıtları üzerinden retrospektif olarak yapıldı. Ocak 2009-Nisan 2014 tarihleri arasında toplam 43 epilepsi tanısı olan gebe kaydına ulaşıldı. Aynı tarih aralığında başvuran, sistemik hastalığı ve ilaç kullanımı olmayan, tekiz canlı gebeliği olan, benzer yaş ve gebelik haftadaki dosya kaydı tam olan 87 olgu ise kontrol grubunu oluşturdu. Her iki grup demografik özellikler, gebelik haftası, doğum şekli, bebek 1. ve 5. dk Apgar skoru, doğum kilosu, epilepsi tanı süresi, nöbet sıklığı, kullandığı anti-epileptik ilaç, maternal komplikasyon, gebelik komplikasyonu yönünden istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Demografik yönden ve perinatal sonuçlar yönünden gruplar arasında fark yoktu (p>0,05), fakat abortus sayısı epilepsi tanılı gebe grubunda sağlıklı gebe grubuna göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti (p:0,035). Gruplar gebelik komplikasyonları bakımından karşılaştırıldığında, epileptik grupta oligohidroamnioz, preterm eylem, preeklampsi ve eklampsi oranları kontrol grubuna göre daha yüksekti (p:0,001). Her iki grupta sezaryen ile doğum oranı yüksekti (% 68,4 ve %62,4). Epilepsili gebe olgularda en sık geçirilen nöbet türü jeneralize tonik-klonik nöbetti (%81,6). Epileptik nöbet sayısı arttıkça 5. dk Apgar skoru düşmekteydi. Olguların %26,3'ü ilaç kullanmazken, % 55,3'ü monoterapi, %18,4'ü ise politerapi almaktaydı. Sonuç: Epilepsili gebelerde gebelikle ilişkili komplikasyonlar ve kötü perinatal sonuçlar daha yüksektir. Gebelikteki nöbet sayısı arttıkça, gebelik sonuçları olumsuz olarak etkilenmektedir. Bu olgulara gebelik öncesi iyi bir danışmanlık verilmeli ve nöbetsiz dönemde gebelik önerilmelidir.
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