Eight fungal strains (F 1 -F 8 ) isolate from the sediment core and degraded wood of the Pulp and Paper Mill effluent and Phanerochaete chrysosporium are tested for different cellulolytic (CMcase, FPase, Xylanases) and lignolytic (lignin peroxidase) enzyme activity in pulp. F-3 (Cryptococcus neoformans) strain shows higher enzyme activity compare to other fungi isolated from effluent. Weight loss, cellulose loss, and organic carbon contents are found maximum in F-3 (C. neoformans) strain. Reducing sugar, protein content, and color removing potential are also higher in C. neoformans. The culture extract of F-3 strain grows in presence of pulp fractionated into five protein fractions has indicated two fractions of molecular weight, 38,000 and 40,000 Da, having lignin peroxidase activity. Lignin peroxidase has optimum activity at pH 2-3 and temperature 20-30 °C, maximum activity at 6-48 mM veratryl alcohol concentration and 256 mM H 2 O 2 , however, sodium azide inhibits the enzyme activity. Different metals (CoCl 2 , HgSO 4 , CaCl 2 , SnCl 2 , FeSO 4 , CuSO 4 , and ZnSO 4 ) also affect the lignin peroxidase activity. Characterization study is performed for significant analysis.

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The construction industry is growing fast in India. Energy sources used in the clay brick making process worldwide are dominantly derived from fossil fuels. However, through innovative development it has been shown possible for these traditional sources to be successfully replaced by renewable alternatives reducing greenhouse gas emissions to almost zero. In a further innovative step it has been possible to introduce a selective blend of solid by-products wastes into the manufactured bricks to partially replace normally quarried clay. The challenge we face is to achieve an equitable development for all human beings, including future generations, while preserving the integrity of the global environment. One way to do so is to aim at a new growth paradigm and a higher quality of life through wealth creation and competitiveness on the basis of products with a smaller environmental footprint using fewer resources.

Pulp and paper are manufactured from raw materials containing cellulose fibers, generally wood, recycled paper, and agricultural residues. In developing countries, about 60% of cellulose fibers originate from nonwood raw materials such as bagasse (sugar cane fibers), cereal straw, bamboo, reeds, esparto grass, jute, flax, and sisal. Large amount of toxic effluent is released during process of paper production. Pulp and paper mill spent wash (raw effluent) is highly acidic in nature with high BOD, COD, TDS, TSS, phenol, sulphate, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and metals viz. Mn Zn Cu Ni Fe and Na . Effluent was treated with chemicals FeCl 3 and KMnO 4 . pH was found to increase from 7.8 to 8. 4