<p>The halal industry in Europe has experienced significant development, especially in the food sector. This study aims to analyze the challenges and opportunities of the halal food industry in Europe. The method uses a qualitative approach, with secondary data sources. The analysis technique uses a descriptive approach. The study results show that the development of the halal food industry in Europe was triggered by the increasing demand for halal certification and quality assurance, as well as the development of the tourism sector. This is a great opportunity for industry players to be able to meet the high demand for halal food. The challenge is how to improve quality and can meet halal standards to meet global demand.</p>

This study analyzes The Role of Digital Economy  to Enhancing Sustainable  Economic Development. The general objective of this research is to assist the government in determining the right policy on the implement of digital economy and its impact on the the sustainable economic development, especially in Indonesia. In Indonesia the digital economy has increasingly developed in the field of ecommerce. The ecommerce industry is not merely talking about buying and selling goods and services via the internet. But there are also other things in it such as inter-service providers, telecommunications providers and others. This is the reason why the ecommerce industry must be adapted to be able to push the economic pace forward. The government is currently declaring Indonesia as the largest digital economy in 2020 and is targeted to be the largest in Southeast Asia. One of the foundations of national development in this declaration is the digital sector. The government targets ecommerce transactions to reach US $ 130 billion and creates 1,000 technopreneur with a business value of US $ 10 billion in 2020.  Therefore this research will provide policy benefits in strengthening government institutions in order to control the implementation of digital economy in Indonesia so that it give the positive impact on the sustainable economic development to be able to prosper the community and have a positive impact on the environment and increasing the economic value.

Halal Tourism is one indicator of success in bringing in foreign exchange, especially in the tourism sector. In addition, halal tourism can provide security and comfort for Muslim tourists visiting the country. This study aims to find out the potential of the halal tourism industry in Uzbekistan, a country located in Central Asia, while developing halal tourism. The method in this study uses a qualitative approach using secondary data sources. This study shows that Uzbekistan has managed to rank 16 according to the Global Muslim Travel Index in 2021, up 4 places from the previous year. This is something good for the development of halal tourism in Uzbekistan. So that Uzbekistan can maintain the advantages of halal tourism with unique historical tourist attractions, visa exemptions, and delicious culinary tours. So, Uzbekistan can also improve its shortcomings in the communication sector and access connectivity and transportation infrastructure.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the image variable of tourist destinations, visitor satisfaction and loyalty of tourist visitors affect the decision variable of tourists to visit through moderating variables of tourist visitor attitudes. In this study, the independent variable is related to the behavior of tourist visitors, the variable is the image of the desired tourist destination, visitor satisfaction and visitor loyalty, while the dependent variable is the tourist's decision to visit, and the moderating variable is the attitude of tourist visitors. The research method used in this research is descriptive quantitative research method using path analysis.In this study the independent variable is related tothe behavior of tourist visitors, such as the image of the tourist destination that visitors want, visitor satisfaction and visitor loyalty, the dependent variable is the tourist's decision to visit, with moderating variable the attitude of tourist visitors. The data analysis uses AMOS 18, and the data taken is data on the number of tourist visits who visited ecotourism in Indonesia for 2016-2021 years. Partially variable image of tourist destinations,tourist visitor satisfaction and tourist visitor loyalty have a significant effect on the decision variables of tourists to visit ecotourism destinations throughout Indonesia and the attitude variable of tourist visitors to visit ecotourism throughout Indonesia, while simultaneously the variable image of tourist destinations,Tourist visitor satisfaction and tourist visitor loyalty indirectly have a significant effect on tourist decision variables to visit ecotourism destinations throughout Indonesia through the attitude of tourist visitors to visit ecotourism throughout Indonesia. Through the results of research that has been stated that to increase the willingness or attitude of tourist visitors to decide to visit an ecotourism destination, the destination must be able to improve its image well, improving the image of ecotourism destinations will be able to increase tourist visitor satisfaction, with increased satisfaction, visitors will loyal and frequent to visit ecotourism tourist destinations throughout Indonesia.

<p class="IAbstrakIsi"><strong>Abstract</strong>:This study analyzes a strategy framwork for deciding between alliances or acquisition of Johnson &amp; Johnson Pharmeutical Company. The general objective of this study is to determine the appropriate corporate development strategy of Johnson &amp; Johnson to strengthening the position in the area of infectious diseasese to help the mankind to get the best anti infectious drugs with the affordable price. Infectious diseases is a second leading killer worldwide, it is consist of HIV/ AIDS, TB, Hepatitis C, etc. Infectious diseases have caused an unprecedented global health crisis. The Asia division of Johnson &amp; Johnson plans to invest in open innovation through more research partnerships and collaborative efforts that connect the medical and academic communities to its R&amp;D centers especially in infectious disease. The data used in this research is data result of observation, literature study and interviews with senior executives and consultants who  handle comparable decision of Johnson&amp;Johnson. The data show that alliance is preferrable. High uncertainty within the environment is the most influencing factor to determine this choice. Due to the industry nature, many R&amp;D collaborations in developing particular drugs are established. By defining the proper governance structure the collaboration can limit the risk of losing in the learning race and core competencies spillover while obtaining the knowledge access to the counterparty. The Strategic alliance between Johnson &amp; Johnson and Cipla Inc can help them toughen the corporate development strategy. Because of their similarities in the production of anti-infectious drugs, they can cooperate to penetrate emerging markets and do several R&amp;D collaborations to create a competitive advantage.</p><p class="IAbstrakIsi">     Key Words: Strategy Framwork, Alliance and Acquisition, Anti-Infectious Drugs</p>