Aktiviti guna tanah di kawasan lembangan adalah salah satu faktor yang mendorong kepada kemerosotan kualiti air sungai akibat daripada hakisan tanih. Potensi hakisan tanih di kawasan lembangan Sungai Bilut, Raub, Pahang yang menjadi sumber bekalan air minuman utama di daerah Raub boleh ditentukan dengan menggunakan integrasi model Semakan Semula Persamaan Kehilangan Tanih Universal (RUSLE) dan Sistem Maklumat Geografi (GIS). Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan potensi hakisan tanih dan faktor utama yang mempengaruhi kadar hakisan tanih. Kajian ini melibatkan penggunaan data sekunder yang terdiri daripada data hujan, data siri tanih dan topografi bagi menghasilkan faktor kehakisan hujan (R), kebolehhakisan tanih (K), serta panjang dan kecuraman cerun (LS). Faktor litupan tumbuhan (C) dan amalan pemuliharaan (P) pula dijana daripada imej satelit Landsat 8 (2014). Keputusan kajian menunjukkan nilai faktor R di kawasan kajian ialah 8927.68-9775.18 MJ mm ha-1 jam-1 tahun-1 , nilai K ialah 0.036-0.500 tan jam-1 MJ-1 mm-1 , nilai LS ialah 0-514, nilai C ialah 0.03-0.80 dan nilai P ialah 0.1-0.7. Kawasan yang mempunyai potensi hakisan sangat rendah hingga rendah meliputi 81%, manakala potensi hakisan tanih sederhana hingga sangat tinggi meliputi 19% daripada keseluruhan kawasan kajian. Model yang dihasilkan mempunyai ketepatan sebanyak 81%. Faktor utama yang mempengaruhi berlakunya hakisan tanih di kawasan kajian adalah faktor topografi, litupan tumbuhan dan kebolehhakisan tanih. Keputusan menunjukkan analisis integrasi RUSLE dan GIS berpotensi dalam penentuan potensi hakisan tanih untuk kawasan luas yang mempunyai pelbagai jenis guna tanah, topografi dan jenis tanih.
Despite the increasing numbers of hydro-dam worldwide, only a handful of studies evaluated their impacts on biodiversity especially terrestrial small mammals. This survey aimed to provide an updated checklist and diversity status of small mammals inhabiting the Tekai-Tembeling Forest Reserve (TTFR), an area that has been extensively logged for the next phase of construction of dam. To elucidate further the species assemblages and diversity of small mammals within TTFR, a comparison was made to a nearby forest, Ulu Jelai Forest Reserve (UJFR), which was also has been logged for the development of Telom Dam. 10 days survey conducted in March 2018 by using cage-trapping and mist-netting techniques, successfully recorded a total of 27 species (Shannon Index (H’) = 3.11) in TTFR and 23 species (H’=2.62) in UJFR. Most of these species in TTFR were bats (56 individuals representing 22 species), rodents (three species representing four individuals) and squirrels (two species representing three individuals). Insectivorous bat species, Narrow-winged Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus cf. stenopterus), are the most abundance in TTFR mainly because insectivorous bats behavior that forage understory in a lowland forest and some of these bats is known to forage in groups. Results from this study indicated that richness and diversity of small mammal’s species assemblages appear to decline in TTFR at which this can be associated to less sampling approaches due to the seasonal impact (rainy season) and habitat disturbance or habitat changes resulted from extensive logging activity. A good mitigation measures should be conducted immediately to prevent elimination species at the study area.
Populasi rusa sambar (Rusa unicolor) mengalami penurunan dan dikategorikan sebagai rentan oleh Kesatuan Antarabangsa untuk Pemuliharaan Alam dan Sumber Asli pada tahun 2014. Objektif kajian ini untuk mengenal pasti faktor sekitaran yang mempengaruhi kesesuaian habitat rusa sambar, yang terdiri daripada kecerunan, ketinggian, guna tanah, jarak daripada bandar, jarak daripada sungai dan litologi dianalisis menggunakan sistem maklumat geografi (GIS). Data kehadiran rusa sambar dari tahun 1992-2008 diintegrasikan dengan faktor sekitaran menggunakan model entropi maksimum untuk mengenal pasti habitat yang sesuai bagi rusa sambar di kompleks hutan utama Taman Negara. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan jarak dari sungai menyumbang peratusan paling tinggi dalam model kesesuaian habitat iaitu 47.7%. Manakala jarak dari bandar, jenis guna tanah, ketinggian, kecerunan dan litologi menyumbang sebanyak 21.8%, 16.1%, 7.2%, 6.7% dan 0.4%. Habitat yang sesuai bagi rusa sambar meliputi 37% daripada keseluruhan kawasan kajian (2,218,389 hektar). Kajian penentuan potensi habitat rusa sambar yang sesuai di kompleks hutan utama Taman Negara penting untuk pengurusan hidupan liar seperti aktiviti pelepasan semula.
Aim: This research assessed the distribution of leopard to predict the habitat suitability in Taman Negara National Park and adjacent forest area. Methodology: Environmental factors for habitat suitability were derived from geographical information system (GIS) data such as elevation, slope, land-use, distance from urban and distance from river. Leopard presence data from 1993 to 2008 were integrated with the environmental parameters using maximum entropy (MaxEnt) modeling to assess habitat suitability across the study area. Results: The results showed that distance from river contributed the most (39.3%) in the habitat suitability modeling followed by distance from urban (31.4%), elevation (12.3%), land use types (10.1%), and slope (6.9%). Distance from river and urban showed highest contribution that influenced leopard distribution in which most suitable habitat occurred in proximity with river and further from urban. Habitat suitability of leopard were distributed among 48% over 2,218,389 ha of the study area. Interpretation: The findings of this study provides knowledge on how the species move and exploit different habitat niches for more effective conservation management. It provide models for future wildlife conservation and urban planning.
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