Kratom dependence among adolescent, even though underreported, is increasing in prevalence in Southeast Asia. Kratom can be simply misused with a great possible addiction and subsequently cause serious undesirable physical and mental health consequences, which is not something to be taken lightly. We present three case series of late adolescents who consumed kratom for more than six months, which leads to poor school performance and had already developed withdrawal symptoms. This case series illustrates the effectiveness of treating adolescents with kratom dependency using combination of medical therapy - Methadone as Drug Substitution Therapy (DST) and supportive therapy from their family members. Therefore, it is crucial for primary care practitioners to screen the adolescents and alert the withdrawal symptoms as well as initiating early discussion with psychiatrist in order to start the prompt treatment since DST is available in primary care clinic. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(3) 2021 p.673-677
Introduction: The implications of repetition of unwanted thoughts and activities are symptoms of mental health problems that can affect the activities of daily living for most individuals. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is one of the five major types of anxiety disorders. Highlights on the OCD recovery mechanisms were found to be suitable to be integrated with the Quran-based rehabilitation methods. Methods: This study aims to analyse OCD recovery methods based on the interpretation of the Quranic verses. Based on qualitative methods, this study proposes a Model of recovery approaches for Obsessive-compulsive disorder from the Quranic verses. Thematic content analysis was conducted on the compilation of Quranic verses related to the term waswas based on the authoritative works of tafasir (Interpretation books of The Quran) and shuruh al-Ahadith (Books of hadiths explanations). Results: The findings showed that the discourse of five verses regarding the term waswas (doubts) in the Quran contains complementary solutions to the problem of OCD. The complementary solutions were also found in line with the guidelines of Act 775 - Traditional and Complementary Medicine Act 2016. Conclusion: The OCD recovery process based on the Quran deserves to be dignified as a model of complementary treatment of OCD problems.
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