<p>Kopi Liberika (<em>Coffea liberica</em> Bull ex Hiern) tergolong kopi Liberoid yang memiliki ukuran buah lebih besar daripada kopi Arabika dan Robusta. Setiap jenis kopi Liberoid memiliki ukuran biji yang beragam dari yang berukuran kecil, sedang, hingga besar. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan informasi tentang ukuran benih yang optimal untuk perbanyakan kopi Liberoid secara generatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ukuran klas benih terhadap perkecambahan dan pertumbuhan benih kopi Liberoid Meranti. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar, Pakuwon, Sukabumi, mulai bulan Januari sampai September 2021. Penelitian dilakukan dalam 2 tahap, yaitu tahap persemaian awal dan persemaian utama, dengan rancangannya masing-masing adalah rancangan petak terpisah yang diulang 5 kali. Sebagai petak utama adalah 2 jenis kopi Liberoid Meranti yaitu LIM 1 dan LIM 2, sedangkan sebagai anak petak adalah 3 ukuran klas benih yaitu ukuran kecil, sedang, dan besar. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap proses perkecambahan dan pertumbuhan benih. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa viabilitas, pertumbuhan tinggi, dan diameter batang benih dipengaruhi oleh interaksi antara jenis kopi dengan ukuran benih, sedangkan panjang hipokotil dan panjang akar dipengaruhi oleh perbedaan ukuran benih. Untuk meningkatkan keberhasilan perbanyakan benih melalui biji, maka untuk kopi LIM 1 sebaiknya menggunakan benih yang berukuran sedang sampai besar (0,51-0,70 g/benih), sedangkan untuk LIM 2 sebaiknya menggunakan benih yang berukuan kecil (0,56-0,62 g/benih).</p>

<em>The growth media composition and cuttings material is considered one of the determining factors for a successful Robusta coffee plant propagation by cuttings. Information on the growth media composition and the ideal cutting material for Robusta coffee needs to be improved. The research was conducted at the Pakuwon Experimental Station and Integrated Laboratory, Balittri, Sukabumi, from October 2020 to January 2021. The study aimed to investigate the effect of growth media composition and number of internodes on the growth of cuttings in three clones of Robusta coffee. The study was designed in a split-split plot with 2 replications. The main plot factor was 3 clones of Robusta coffee (BP 939, SA 203, and BP 308), the split plot factor was 5 compositions of growth media: sand, sand+chicken manure (1:1), sand+soil (1:1), soil+chicken manure (1:1), and sand+soil+chicken manure (1:1:1), and the split-split plot factor was the number of internodes (1 and 2 internodes). Variables observed were the percentage of survived, sprouted, and rooted cuttings, number and length of primary roots, and number of shoots, internodes and leaves. The results showed that sand and sand+soil (1:1) were the best media for root formations. For the growth of number and length of primary roots, the sand+soil (1:1) media was a more suitable for BP 939 and SA 203, while sand media was suitable for BP 308. Other result showed that two-internodes cuttings proved to be better in shoot, internode, and leaf growth than single-internode cuttings.</em>

In recent years, the area of cocoa plantations in Indonesia has tended to decline, one of which is attributed to climate change that threatens the sustainability of production; even though cocoa production and consumption have become popular globally, the consumer demand for cocoa products has also increased. Climate change causes increased air temperature, erratic rainfall patterns, increased sea level and surface temperature, and extreme weather. Cocoa requires an ideal rainfall of 1500–2500 mm/year and dry months (rainfall <60 mm) for about 1–3 month a year. Climate change can be a challenge for Indonesian cocoa development. Several efforts should be made to turn existing challenges into opportunities through appropriate technological inputs, such as the use of improved cocoa genetic resources (recommended clones) as well as improving nursery and field management practices, including shading and watering the seedlings, modification of growing media, mycorrhizal application, rainwater harvesting, and managing shade plants and intercropping.