No abstract

Transcription factors (TFs) regulate gene expression to control certain genetic programs, such as growth and development, phytohormone regulation, and environmental stresses. 2‐acetyl‐1‐pyrroline (2‐AP) is the key element involved in aroma biosynthesis pathway, and the application of micronutrients can increase the 2‐AP levels. However, little is known about the micronutrient‐induced TFs involved in 2‐AP biosynthesis. Here, we identify a number of TF families in two fragrant rice varieties, “Meixiangzhan‐2” (M) and “Xiangyaxiangzhan” (X), in response to Zinc (Zn) application through transcriptomic analysis. A total of ~678 TFs were identified and grouped into 26 TF families, each of which was found to be involved in numerous signaling pathways. The WRKY TF family was found to be the most abundant, followed by bHLH and MYB. Furthermore, members of the WRKY, bHLH, MYB, ERF, HSF, MADS‐box, NFY, and AP2 TF families were significantly upregulated and may be involved in the transcriptional regulation of aroma biosynthesis. In brief, this study enhances our understanding of the molecular mechanism of 2‐AP biosynthesis and highlights the key TFs potentially involved in the production of aroma in fragrant rice.

The world is facing rapid climate change and a fast-growing global population. It is believed that the world population will be 9.7 billion in 2050. However, recent agriculture production is not enough to feed the current population of 7.9 billion people, which is causing a huge hunger problem. Therefore, feeding the 9.7 billion population in 2050 will be a huge target. Climate change is becoming a huge threat to global agricultural production, and it is expected to become the worst threat to it in the upcoming years. Keeping this in view, it is very important to breed climate-resilient plants. Legumes are considered an important pillar of the agriculture production system and a great source of high-quality protein, minerals, and vitamins. During the last two decades, advancements in OMICs technology revolutionized plant breeding and emerged as a crop-saving tool in wake of the climate change. Various OMICs approaches like Next-Generation sequencing (NGS), Transcriptomics, Proteomics, and Metabolomics have been used in legumes under abiotic stresses. The scientific community successfully utilized these platforms and investigated the Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL), linked markers through genome-wide association studies, and developed KASP markers that can be helpful for the marker-assisted breeding of legumes. Gene-editing techniques have been successfully proven for soybean, cowpea, chickpea, and model legumes such as Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus. A number of efforts have been made to perform gene editing in legumes. Moreover, the scientific community did a great job of identifying various genes involved in the metabolic pathways and utilizing the resulted information in the development of climate-resilient legume cultivars at a rapid pace. Keeping in view, this review highlights the contribution of OMICs approaches to abiotic stresses in legumes. We envisage that the presented information will be helpful for the scientific community to develop climate-resilient legume cultivars.

Bu çalışma, Batman Üniversitesi Batı Raman Kampüs alanında 2018 üretim mevsiminde farklı yerfıstığı çeşitlerinin verim ve verim parametrelerini tespit etmek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada, Arıoğlu 2003, Sultan, Halisbey, NC-7, Brantley, Wilson, Çom, NC-V 11, Osmaniye-2005 olmak üzere dokuz farklı yerfıstığı çeşidi materyal olarak kullanılmıştır. Deneme tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre üç tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada kullanılan çeşitlere ait; bitki boyu, dal sayısı, meyve sayısı, meyve ağırlığı, 100 tohum ağırlığı, dekara meyve verimi, kabuk/iç oranı gibi önemli özellikler incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre denemeye alınan yerfıstığı çeşitlerinin en fazla bitki boyu 39.8 cm ile Çom çeşidinden, en az ise 30.17 cm ile Osmaniye 2005 çeşidinden; bitkide dal sayısı en düşük 11.33 adet ile Osmaniye 2005 çeşidinden, en yüksek ise 14.97 adet ile Arıoğlu 2003 çeşidinden; bitki başına meyve sayısı en düşük 31.9 adet ile Çom çeşidinden, en yüksek ise 43.87 adet ile NC-7 çeşidinden; meyve ağırlığı en düşük 57.73 g ile Çom çeşidinden, en yüksek ise 94.2 g ile NC-7 çeşidinden, 100 meyve ağırlığı en düşük 181.83 g ile NC-V-11 çeşidinden, en yüksek ise 252.63 g ile Halisbey çeşidinden; 100 tohum ağırlığı en düşük 80.46 g ile Çom çeşidinden, en yüksek ise 109.09 g ile Osmaniye 2005 çeşidinden; dekara meyve verimi en düşük 418.98 kg/da ile Çom çeşidinden, en fazla ise 666.82 kg/da ile NC-7 çeşidinden; kabuk/iç oranı en düşük % 53.35 ile Sultan çeşidinden, en yüksek ise % 67.93 ile NC-7 çeşidinden elde edilmiştir. 9 farklı yerfıstığı çeşitlerinde dekara meyve verimi açısından NC-7 ve Halisbey çeşidi, iç oranında ise NC-7 ve Osmaniye-2005 çeşidi yöre koşulları için uygun olduğu görülmüştür.

Verticillium wilt disease in cotton is a soil-borne disease that causes significant yield losses, and it is therefore important to identify disease-resistant genotypes. Current study was carried out in the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture, Dicle University (Diyarbakir) in the year 2020 to determine the tolerance levels of some cotton genotypes which contain different characteristics to wilt disease (Verticillium dahliae Kleb.). The experiment area has been naturally infected with Verticillium wilt pathogens. A total of 124 cotton genotypes, including four controls (DP-499, Edessa, ST-468, ES-1), were arranged in five blocks according to the Augmented Design. The indices of stem cross-section and the leaf-disease severity were found significant. The leaf-disease severity varied between 0.12-3.09 at 50-60 % at boll opening period, whilst stem cross-section values ranged between 0.36-2.30. Moreover, a positive correlation was found between the indices. In conclusion, G7, G12, G21, G22, G23, G41, G51, G55, and G101 were determined as tolerant genotypes to Verticillium wilt in terms of examining two parameters.