Visual defects detection is one of the main problems in the post-harvest processing caused a major production and economic losses in agricultural industry. Manual fruits detection become easy when it is done in small amount, but the result is not consistent which will generate issue in fruit grading. A new fruit quality assessment system is necessary in order to increase the accuracy of classification, more consistencies, efficient and cost effective that would enable the industry to grow accordingly. In this paper, a method based on colour feature extraction for the quality assessment of Harumanis mango is proposed and experimentally validated. This method, including image background removal, defects segmentation and recognition and finally quality classification using Support Vector Machine (SVM) was developed. The results show that the experimental hardware system is practical and feasible, and that the proposed algorithm of defects detection is effective.

Abstract-How wonderful it would be if every device we use is energy efficient. This is an approach to design an efficient digital clock that consumes low amount of power. This is done by varying frequency to different levels and checking corresponding amount of energy consumed. Low Voltage Complementary metal oxide semiconductor i.e. LVCMOS and 45nm Spartan-6 FPGA family is used for simulation and amount of total power consumed is noted down. There is 90.02%, 98.88%, 99.86% and 100% reduction in the clock when we scale down frequency from 100GHz to 10GHz, 1GHz, 0.1GHz, and 0.01GHz respectively.

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<p>Currently, problem in assembly line has created so much attention, particularly in manufacturing area. Similar to this case study as they faced with problems regarding workstation in production line of electrical industry. There exist some cases where workstations in assembly line are experienced with bottleneck and suffered from high idle time. Thus, four heuristic methods are used for minimizing number or workstations and improve the bottleneck problems at the same time. In this case study, LCR, RPW and LPT have successfully minimized the number of workstations from 19 to 16. This solution has affected the layout of assembly line. Different from SPT that manage to improve the bottleneck among workstations by reducing number of workstations from 19 to 17 without changing the line layout. Therefore, both solution has brought an option for an engineer to choose which decision to be used in this assembly line in order to increase the line efficiency.</p>

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