The ability to solve problems is a basic ability which is one of the goals of learning mathematics. Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) based on ethnomathematics can be a solution to improve students' mathematical problem solving abilities with a cultural approach around students. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the application of ethnomathematical-based CTL model on the mathematical problem solving abilities of class VIII students of SMP N 1 Bambanglipuro. This research is a quantitative research with a quasi-experimental type. The design of this research is non-equivalent control group design. The population in this study were all eighth grade students of SMP N 1 Bambanglipuro for the 2020/2021 academic year. Purposive sampling technique used to select class VIII A as the control class, conducted 24 students, and class VIII C as the experimental class, conducted 24 students. The instrument used to determine the level of student problem solving is in the form of Prisma essay test material. The data analysis technique used is the average difference test using the t-test. The results showed that the average mathematical problem solving of students with the ethnomathematics-based CTL model was more than the average mathematical problem solving of students with conventional learning. Thus it can be said that the application of ethnomathematical-based CTL is effective in solving students' mathematical problems.

The learning process in the 2013 curriculum which was revised in 2017 emphasizes learning that is fun, meaningful, and motivates students to be active. Based on these conditions, it is necessary to develop learning methods. So, it is necessary to have a learning innovation that uses a cultural approach by linking teaching materials in students' daily lives, namely through ethnomats science learning. The purpose of this research is to identify ethnomatsciences in parts of the Gunungan tradition in the Kraton Yogyakarta which can be used as a medium for learning mathematics and sanis / science. This research is a descriptive study with an ethnographic approach. Based on based on literature review, several mathematical and sanis / science concepts found in parts of the Gunungan tradition in the Yogyakarta Palace are displayed in a matrix form. The results showed that the parts of the Gunungan tradition in the Kraton Yogyakarta which are related to the concepts of mathematics and science / science include the shape of the Kakung gunungan, namely the cone, the form of the foods that make up the gunungan, the types of plants that make up the gunungan that have various elements of science / science

Influence phonetic method the Early Reading Ability of Intellectual Student with a disability. The study aims to determine the influence of the phonetic method on the Early Reading Ability of Students with Intellectual a disability. The research is a quantitative research approach to Single Subject Research (SSR). The results of the study indicate that there is an influence on the phonetic method of the Early Reading Ability of Students with Intellectual Disability

Breast cancer is the second largest number of cancer cases in Indonesia, after cervical cancer. The growth of these cancer cells can be prevented with compounds Pentagamavunon-0 (PGV-0) and Pentagamavunon-1 (PGV-1). This compound is an analog of curcumin compounds that have anti breast cancer activity. Modeling the structure of compound PGV-0 and PGV-1 through computational chemistry methods Ab-initio HF/4-31G could be used to predict the geometry and structure elucidation spectra associated with pharmacological activity such as anticancer compounds theoretically.This research involves modeling the structures and spectra prediction calculation compounds PGV-0 and PGV-1 by computational chemistry methods Ab-initio HF/4-31G, using Gaussian03W. The result using Ab-initio HF/4-31G method then compared with data from experimental geometry and the results of calculations with AM1.The results showed that computational chemistry methods Ab-initio HF/4-31G calculations give better results for modeling the structure compared semiempirik method AM1.