Various studies on learning methods continue to develop a learning method that can increase students' enthusiasm for learning activities and outcomes. This research aimed to measure the increase in students' learning activities and outcomes using the Observation-Based Learning (OBL) method as a practical learning alternative. The research was a Classroom Action Research, and the subjects were the eighth-grade students of Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri (MTsN) 2 Makassar in English lesson. The procedure of this research was carried out in four cycles, namely planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The research used quantitative and qualitative approaches by calculating the increase in students' learning activities and outcomes using the observation sheet, pre-test, and post-test. The results showed that the OBL method had an instructional and nurturing effect. This can be seen by observing curiosity, discipline, motivation, flexibility, and enthusiasm through the visual, oral, emotional, and mental activities. Besides, the OBL method was proven to shift the learning paradigm from subject-oriented and teacher-centered to student-centered. In this research, the designated learning method could be implemented well in English lessons in the eighth grade of MTsN 2 Makassar. This means that it can also be adopted in any other lessons or subjects from basic education to secondary education. Therefore, the OBL method has a significant impact on both teachers and students to create and even increase enthusiasm for learning activities and outcomes.

Chemistry is an abstract knowledge, so it requires media as an intermediary in delivering the material. In supporting this, an analysis of teacher needs is carried out. This study aimed to describe the teacher's need for Android-based chemistry learning media that can support the chemistry learning process in the classroom. The method used in this research is survey method. The research participants were 10 chemistry teachers from schools in Makassar City. Data collection was carried out by means of a questionnaire (google form) which is the questionnaire adapted from the results of research journals relevant to the development of chemistry learning media. The results were analyzed descriptively and obtained data that the media often used by teachers, such as PPT/LCD projectors with a percentage of 90%, while android based chemistry learning media is still very rarely used. The obstacles were making, using and developing media which taken a very long time so that the teachers feel uninterested in making media and there is a lack of ideas on what media is good for learning chemistry. So they suggested that tutorials be given in the creating and use of instructional media.

Kehamilan merupakan tahap awal periode 1000 hari pertama kehidupan (1000 HPK). Masa ini disebut juga dengan periode emas yang menjadi periode penting di awal siklus kehidupan manusia sehingga penting untuk menjaga dan mengoptimalkan status gizi dan kesehatan (Chahyanto, 2015; Escamilla, 2013).Masalah gizi yang sering terjadi pada masa kehamilan adalah risiko kurang energi kronis (KEK). Hasil riset kesehatan dasar (Riskesdas) tahun 2013 menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi risiko KEK pada ibu hamil (Bumil) di Indonesia sebesar 24,2% (Kemenkes, 2013). Kondisi KEK menjadi faktor risiko terjadinya anemia pada Bumil dan akhirnya menjadi risiko berat bayi lahir rendah (BBLR) (Aminin,2014). Indonesia memiliki lebih dari 1.128 suku dan budaya yang tersebar dari Sabang sampai Merauke (Widiastuti, 2013). Nilai budaya yang ada mendasari kebiasaan konsumsimakanan masyarakat pada masing-masing budaya dan suku yang berbeda. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kebiasaan konsumsi makanan adalah tabu makanan. Tabu makanan adalah suatu larangan dalam mengonsumsi makanan tertentu dikarenakan adanya pengertian yang salah dan dapat menimbulkan beberapa ancaman atau sanksi bagi orang yang mengonsumsinya. Tabu makanan memunculkan konsep “dapat” (edible) atau “tidak” (inedible) suatu makanan dikonsumsi oleh kelompok masyarakat tertentu (Khumaidi, 1989). Menurut Varadarajan & Prasad (2009), tabu makanan pada Bumil dapat meningkatkan risiko kekurangan asupan zat gizi