Air quality monitoring by using bio-indicator currently being promoted and frequently used in studies due to their advantages compared to other scientific approaches. The advantages of using bio-indicator as a bio-monitoring in air quality are, it remains the cheapest, most available and simplest matrix for reliable atmospheric monitoring. This study was conducted to determine moss ability to be used as a bio-indicator for air quality monitoring when expose to different air quality environments. Four environmental conditions were chosen to conduct this study; urban area, reserve forest, living room and smoker’s room. Leucobryum glaucum or Holland moss is used as the bio-indicator to monitor the air quality. Gridded containers of moss were left at each study location for the duration of two weeks. Physical observation was monitored weekly by examining colour changes of the moss. Survivability rate of the moss was determined by counting the numbers of grid where moss growth in each container. The data was recorded through physical observation of moss responses and survivability rate towards different air quality environment. The data was analyzed by using SPSS. Moss reacted accordingly towards different air quality environments. Moss reacts mostly at highly polluted environment, in smoker’s room by changing from fresh green to brownish in color. In conclusion, moss can be used as a bio-indicator in air quality monitoring to determine air quality condition because moss changes its physical appearance and growth rate by the influenced of surrounding environment.

Diabetes mellitus (DM), accounts for 60% of all deaths in all age groups worldwide. Because DM complications can cause blindness, kidney failure, diabetic foot (gangrene) which requires amputation, heart disease, and stroke. risk factors, symptoms, and management of this condition. The purpose of this research is to describe the Village Community's Knowledge about Diabetes Militus. Research Methods using descriptive method. The research sample consisted of 90 respondents who were randomly selected from village communities in the study area. Data collection was carried out through a questionnaire containing questions related to knowledge about diabetes mellitus, risk factors for symptoms and management related to diabetes mellitus. The results showed that most of the respondents had low knowledge about diabetes mellitus, namely 41 respondents (45.6%). Only 10 respondents (11.1%) knew about diabetes mellitus, risk factors for symptoms and management related to diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: Village community knowledge about diabetes mellitus is still low. Therefore, education efforts and more effective health campaigns are needed to increase village community knowledge about diabetes mellitus, including risk factors, symptoms, and management. This is expected to encourage rural communities to be more aware of the importance of health and prevent diabetes mellitus and the complications that can arise.

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