The main infectious agent that causes contamination of poultry products are bacteria of the genus Salmonella. The article presents the results of monitoring studies on salmonellosis among poultry of different technological direction of poultry farms of all forms of ownership in Ukraine. In the analysis of the results of the incidence of salmonellosis in poultry used Reports on the work of state laboratories of veterinary medicine of the State Food and Consumer Services of Ukraine for 2012–2021. Data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine were also used during the work on the article. It was found that for the period 2012–2021, the total number of samples tested for salmonellosis was 306466, of which 932 were positive, which was 0.3 %. It is established that the number of studies in certain years differs greatly in number. After all, the peak number of studies fell on 2012 (51985 samples), but in 2020 it was only 25.796 samples or 49.6 % to the peak level of studies. The highest percentage of pathogen isolation was observed in the period from 2013 to 2015, respectively 0.39, 0.48 % and 0.38 %. In 2016–2018, there was a decrease in the number of positive samples, respectively, the number of positive samples was 0.24–0.33 %, the lowest percentage in 2019–2021, the number of positive samples was minimal and amounted to 0.05 %, 0.22 % and 0.13 %. Thus, there is a clear trend of decreasing the amount of pathogen. The largest number of positive samples of biological material for salmonellosis in the period 2012–2021 was found in Sumy and Luhansk regions, 156 and 186 samples, respectively. Slightly fewer positive samples were found in Kharkiv (117), Kirovohrad (79), Cherkasy (71), Zaporizhia (51), Donetsk (45), Kyiv (30) and Zhytomyr (30) regions. The pathogen Salmonella spp. in Zakarpattia, Rivne and Chernivtsi regions.

The problem of zoonoses remains relevant in the context of reliable prevention of human disease and effective ways to achieve this result, in particular through the impact on susceptible animals by the efforts of veterinary medicine. Anthrax is an acute, particularly dangerous infectious disease of all species of farm, domestic and wild animals, as well as humans, which is caused by Bacillus anthracis microbes. The causative agent of anthrax belongs to the group of aerobic spore-forming bacteria and exists in two main forms: vegetative and spore. The vegetative form in the body of an infected animal can form a "capsule". In Ukraine, according to the provisions of the current "Instruction for the prevention and control of animal anthrax" (2000), the main method of preventing anthrax among animals is regular vaccination of animals susceptible to this disease. The authors conducted a retrospective analysis of the epizootic and epidemiological situation of anthrax in Ukraine for the period 1994–2021 and made a critical assessment of the performance of mandatory measures for specific prevention of susceptible animals. In order to find out the ecological and geographical features of the spread of anthrax, data on outbreaks of the disease in cattle, swine, small ruminants and humans on the territory of Ukraine were analyzed by regions for the time period under investigation. Over the past 28 years in Ukraine, animal anthrax was registered in in all areas except Zhytomyr region. In total, during the analyzed period, 177 affected points and 637 infected animals (cattle, small ruminants, pigs, horses, wild and fur-bearing animals, dogs) were registered (estimated at 3.59 animals per outbreak). Cattle were most often involved in the epizootic process, followed by pigs and small ruminants, while horses and other animal species were least infected. Ecological and geographical analysis showed that the largest number of affected points among animals during the analyzed period was found in Kyiv, Volyn, Kharkiv, Luhansk, Khmelnytskyi, Cherkasy, Odesa, and Vinnytsia regions. A small number of affected points during the analyzed period were found in Zakarpattia, Ternopil, Kherson, Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Poltava, Dnipropetrovsk and Ivano-Frankivsk regions. During the analyzed period, 68 people in 11 regions of Ukraine were infected with anthrax, 15 outbreaks were registered (4.46 people per outbreak). Most cases were reported in Donetsk, Kyiv and Odesa regions. The association between outbreaks of anthrax in animals and cases of anthrax among humans has been established, this dependency was 86.6% (the index of contiguity, which takes into account the number of years with simultaneous registration of animal and human cases, was 0.5). The authors thoroughly proved that it is vaccination among susceptible animals that will finally prevent the incidence of anthrax among people.