Biostimulant - splenivit helps to increase the natural resistance of the body of young farm animals and reduce morbidity. To study splenivitis, groups of sows (60 heads each) were formed. The animals of the first experimental group were injected with tissue antigen, twice 20 and 10 days before farrowing, in doses of 3 and 5 ml. The animals of the second experimental group, simultaneously with tissue antigen, were injected with splenivit at a dose of 5 ml, three times, with an interval of 10 days. And also, to 122 fattening piglets - weaners: the 1st experimental group (31 piglets) was injected with splenivit intramuscularly 1 ml 3 times with an interval of 7-10 days. The 2nd group of pigs (29 heads) was injected with a non-specific gamma globulin according to the same scheme; in the 3rd group of pigs (62 heads) the above preparations were not used. Clinical observation of all piglets was carried out for 1.5 months, starting from the day of the formation of groups for fattening. For prophylactic purposes, newborn calves with gastroenteritis in the experimental group (13 heads) were injected subcutaneously with a biostimulator - splenivit, 1.0-1.5 ml, from 2-3 days of age, three times, with an interval of 7 days, in the control (7 heads) this drug did not apply. Also, the effectiveness of the stimulant - splenivit was studied on fattening calves. Experimental group (206 heads), control group (104 heads). Splenivit for the prevention of gastrointestinal diseases in animals, increases the natural resistance of the body, helps to reduce the incidence of young animals, improving growth and development and ensuring their maximum safety. To increase immunological protection, prevent gastrointestinal diseases, safety and productivity of animals, it is advisable and effective to use a biostimulator - splenivit.

Ðåçþìå. Áîëåçíè ìîëîäíÿêà ñåëüñêîõîçÿéñòâåííûõ aeèâîòíûõ íàíîñÿò çíà÷èòåëüíûé ýêîíîìè÷åñêèé óùåðá aeèâîòíîâîäñòâó íàøåé ñòðàíû, êîòîðûé ñêëàäûâàåòñÿ èç ïîòåðü ìîëîäíÿêà, ñíèaeåíèÿ ïðèâåñîâ, çíà÷èòåëüíûõ çàòðàò íà ëå÷åáíûå è ïðîôèëàêòè÷åñêèå ìåðîïðèÿòèÿ. AEåëó-äî÷íî-êèøå÷íûå áîëåçíè òåëÿò ðåãèñòðèðóþòñÿ âî âñåõ õîçÿéñòâàõ Âîëîãîäñêîé îáëàñòè. Çàáîëåâàåìîñòü òåëÿò â ñðåäíåì ñîñòàâëÿåò 45,5 % îò ðîäèâøåãîñÿ ìîëîäíÿêà êðóïíîãî ðîãàòîãî ñêîòà, à ëåòàëüíîñòü-5,6 %.  îñíîâíîì ïàäåae íàáëþäàåòñÿ ñðåäè íîâîðîaeäåííûõ aeèâîòíûõ. Èç ïàòîëîãè÷åñêîãî ìàòåðèàëà, âçÿòîãî îò òåëÿò, âûäåëåíèå áàêòåðèé ôèêñèðîâàëè â 136,0 %.  ìîíîâàðèàíòå âûäåëåííûå áàêòåðèè âñòðå÷àëèñü â 59,1 % ñëó÷àåâ, à â àññîöèàöèè ñ äðóãèìè ìèêðîîðãàíèçìàìè-â 40,9 % ñëó÷àåâ. Âèäîâîé ñîñòàâ àññîöèàöèé áûë äîñòàòî÷íî ðàçíîîáðàçåí è ïðåäñòàâëåí ñëåäóþùèìè êîìáèíàöèÿìè ìèêðîîðãàíèçìîâ: â àññîöèàöèÿõ ÷àùå âñåãî âûäåëÿëèñü Ãðàì+ ïàëî÷êè (69,8 %), Pasteurella è Ãðàì+ ïàëî÷êè (16,3 %), Ãðàì+ ïàëî÷êè è Streptococcus (9,3 %), Pasteurella è Streptococcus (4,7 %). Âñå âîçáóäèòåëè âèðóñíûõ àíòèãåíîâ áûëè âûäåëåíû â àññîöèàöèÿõ: êîðîíàâèðóñ è âèðóñíàÿ äèàðåÿ (43,0 %), êîðîíàâèðóñ è ðîòàâèðóñ (36,0 %), êîðîíàâèðóñ, ðîòàâèðóñ è âèðóñíàÿ äèàðåÿ (21,0 %). Âîçáóäèòåëè ðîòàâèðóñíîãî ýíòåðèòà è âèðóñíîé äèàðåè áûëè âûÿâëåíû êàê íà íåáîëüøèõ ôåðìàõ, òàê è íà êîìïëåêñàõ. Ñàìûé âûñîêèé ïðîöåíò âûäåëåíèÿ áûë ó êîðîíàâèðóñà-50,0 % ïðîá, ðîòàâèðóñà-21,0 %, à âîçáóäèòåëü âèðóñíîé äèàðåè-29,0 % ïðîá. Ãåíîì ãåðïåñâèðóñà ïÿòîãî òèïà âûÿâëåí â 37,0 % ïðîá ìåòîäîì ÏÖÐ. Summary. Diseases of young farm animals cause significant economic damage to livestock of our country, which consists of the loss of young animals, reducing weight gain, significant costs for medical and preventive measures. Gastrointestinal diseases of calves are registered in all farms of the Vologda oblast. The incidence of calves is on average 45,5% of the born young cattle, and mortality-5,6%. In General, mortality is observed among newborn animals. From the pathological material

Ðåçþìå. Íà ôîíå ñòàáèëüíîãî ýïèçîîòè÷åñêîãî áëàãî-ïîëó÷èÿ Âîëîãîäñêîé îáëàñòè ïî êëàññè÷åñêèì èíôåêöèÿì ìîëîäíÿêà åaeåãîäíî ó 70,0 % òåëÿò îòìå÷àþò ðàçëè÷íûå çàáîëåâàíèÿ ñ îáùèìè ñèìïòîìàìè ïîðàaeåíèÿ aeåëóäî÷íî-êèøå÷íîãî òðàêòà. Óäåëüíûé âåñ aeåëóäî÷íî-êèøå÷íûõ ïàòîëîãèé â îáùåé çàáîëåâàåìîñòè ìîëîäíÿêà çà ãîä ñîñòàâèë 49,0%.

The article reflects the statistical, bacteriological, virological and molecular genetic research results. In 2019, the proportion of gastrointestinal pathologies in the total incidence of young animals was 37.6 + 0.7%. On average, over the past five years, 46.6 + 0.7% of born calves have been ill. Gastrointestinal diseases are recorded mainly in young animals under the age of 3 months. Of the number of cases, 43.3% die from birth to 10 days, 31.7% from 11 to 30 days, and 15.8% of calves from one to three months. The proportion of infectious diseases is 0.36% of the total incidence of animals. 152 studies were carried out, including: 39 fecal specimen by ELISA, 30 molecular genetic (PCR), bacteriological - 83 samples of biomaterial from dead and sick animals. 107 microorganism cultures have been identified. According to the ELISA, the most frequently detected antigens were causative agents of coronavirus - 33.3%, rotavirus - 30.8%, the causative agent of viral diarrhea - in 15.4% of cases. In 96.8% of cases, the causative agents of viral infections were identified in the associations: coronavirus and rotavirus (43.3%), coronavirus, rotavirus and viral diarrhea (36.7%), coronavirus and viral diarrhea (20.0%). In 22.2% of the samples, PCR was used to detect the herpes virus type 5 gene in rinses from calves’s nasal cavity. As a result of bacteriological studies, a change in the spectrum of cultures of microorganisms isolated from pathological material was noted. The percentage of unidentified crops decreased by 2.6 times. Given the results, we propose to include in the scheme of diagnostic studies for mixed infections additional studies: feces for viral infections by ELISA; crops of primary pathological material and feces should be carried out additionally on accumulation media; PCR analysis of swabs from the nasal cavity, blood; during bacteriological examination, consider the allocation of microorganisms: Pseudomonas, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus.

No abstract