In this paper we propose an implement a general convolutional neural network (CNN) building framework for designing real-time CNNs. We validate our models by creating a real-time vision system which accomplishes the tasks of face detection, gender classification and emotion classification simultaneously in one blended step using our proposed CNN architecture. After presenting the details of the training procedure setup we proceed to evaluate on standard benchmark sets. We report accuracies of 96% in the IMDB gender dataset and 66% in the FER-2013 emotion dataset. Along with this we also introduced the very recent real-time enabled guided backpropagation visualization technique. Guided back-propagation uncovers the dynamics of the weight changes and evaluates the learned features. We argue that the careful implementation of modern CNN architectures, the use of the current regularization methods and the visualization of previously hidden features are necessary in order to reduce the gap between slow performances and real-time architectures. Our system has been validated by its deployment on a Care-O-bot 3 robot used during RoboCup@Home competitions. All our code, demos and pretrained architectures have been released under an open-source license in our public repository.

No abstract

No abstract

As more machine learning models are now being applied in real world scenarios it has become crucial to evaluate their difficulties and biases. In this paper we present an unsupervised method for calculating a difficulty score based on the accumulated loss per epoch. Our proposed method does not require any modification to the model, neither any external supervision, and it can be easily applied to a wide range of machine learning tasks. We provide results for the tasks of image classification, image segmentation, and object detection. We compare our score against similar metrics and provide theoretical and empirical evidence of their difference. Furthermore, we show applications of our proposed score for detecting incorrect labels, and test for possible biases.