This study aims at exploring the forms, benefits and obstacles of distance education during COVID-19 pandemic. The study adopted the cross-sectional research approach. A sample of 377 university students were conveniently recruited during the second semester of the academic year 2020/2021. The researchers developed a valid and reliable questionnaire that consisted of three parts; they were investigating forms of distance education, benefits of distance education, and obstacles of distance education during COVID-19 pandemic. The results of the study indicated that synchronous e-learning and using social media channels were the mostly used means to deliver the educational material during the COVID-19 period. Reduction of the expenses and better academic performance were reported to be the most achieved benefits by the students from distance learning during COVID-19 pandemic. The study concluded that distance education during COVID-19 imposed different forms of education that in turn imposed various benefits and obstacles for the students Keywords: COVID-19, distance education, Jordan, Cross-sectional, forms, benefits.

This study aimed to develop a suggested model related to the student's portfolio used in evaluating the students in the university courses. After revising the theoretical literature and previous studies, two tools of the study have been constructed: Suggested model related to the student portfolio, and identifying the specifications towards using it in evaluation. After confirming the validity and reliability of the two tools of the study, they were applied to a sample of the study which consisted of (60) students from AlShobak university/Bachelor of Pre-Vocational Education, distributed equally into two groups (control group, and experimental group). To achieve the objectives of the study, two researchers evaluate the students in the course of "Foundations of Education" by using the suggested model of the student's portfolio to the experimental group, on the other hand, there was an evaluation of the control group students' educational acquirements in the traditional way, and to answer the questions of the study, both researchers used the averages and standard deviations, did the (T-Test), and did the analysis of unilateral and bilateral variance (ANOVA). The results of the study showed differences of statistical significance between evaluation of students through the suggested model of the student's portfolio and evaluation in the traditional way in favor of the suggested model. Results also showed positive trend of students towards their evaluation using the suggested model, in addition, results did not show differences statistically significant to students depending on both gender and academic level. The study recommended diversity in using the Authentic Assessment ways, and that would be through evaluation their outcomes, and doing more similar studies on methods and strategies of evaluation to university students.

Background: Disruptions in biological rhythm (BR) are considered a factor in the spread of many chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, and depression. It has been shown that imbalance in BR disrupts the body's physiological timings; therefore, it is essential to have a tool for BR evaluation. Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 403 Jordanian participants (200 depressed people and 203 control groups). Classical test theory (CTT) was used to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Arabic version of BRIAN.We aimed to validate the Arabic version of Biological Rhythms Interview Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (BRIAN) by investigating its internal consistency and validity, assessing its factor structure, and exploring its relationships with depression and sleep disorders. Results:The internal consistency (α) was 0.91. The concurrent validity was supported by the severity of depression and sleep disorders (r = 0.87, r = 0.83, p < 0.001). The BRIAN's ability to differentiate between depressed people and the control group supported its discriminant validity (t = 21.2, p = 0.001). With a sensitivity of 75 and a specificity of 95.57, BRIAN revealed good accuracy in distinguishing between depressed and non-depressed persons at cutoff 44. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) analyses supported its proposed three-factor solutions. Conclusions:The results demonstrated that the BRIAN-A has acceptable validity in detecting BR and could be useful in examining the impact of circadian disturbance on the Arabic population.

Following the coronavirus pandemic, this study sought to determine the impact of using Moodle in teaching university courses on students' future anxiety and psychological happiness. The study sample consisted of 75 students (males and females) in the summer semester of the academic year 2019/2020. The study adopted the quasi-experimental approach by a single experimental group. To achieve the purposes of the study, the researchers developed two scales: firstly, the future anxiety scale, and secondly, the psychological happiness scale; after verifying their reliability and validity, both scales were applied before and after the study sample (pre-scale and post-scale). The findings showed that there are statistically significant differences in the level of future anxiety for the study group individuals in both scales pre-scale and post-scale , to the benefit of post-scale. However, the findings explained the existence of statistically significant differences at α=0.05 among the levels of psychological happiness for the study group individuals in both scales (pre-scale and post-scale) and in favor of the latter because of the use of electronic learning management systems in teaching university courses. It shows that implementing Moodle technology into teaching had a positive impact in reducing future anxiety and increasing psychological happiness among university students.

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