Background In many low-and middle-income countries, data on the prevalence of surgical diseases have been derived primarily from hospital-based studies, which may lead to an underestimation of disease burden within the community. Community-based prevalence studies may provide better estimates of surgical need to enable proper resource allocation and prioritization of needs. This study aims to assess the prevalence of common surgical conditions among children in a diverse rural and urban population in Nigeria. Methods Descriptive cross-sectional, community-based study to determine the prevalence of congenital and acquired surgical conditions among children in a diverse rural-urban area of

Background Postpartum depression is the most common psychological disorder affecting women during the postpartum period, yet this condition often goes undiagnosed. Studies show that the onset of postpartum depression can occur at any time following delivery, up to three months postpartum; in some cases, up to a year postpartum. This study aimed to assess knowledge of postpartum depression in mothers attending immunisation clinics at selected primary healthcare centres in Mushin, Nigeria. This study will help identify areas for improvement in educating women on postpartum depression, leading to early identification, treatment and reduced cases of the illness. Methods This was a descriptive quantitative study using multistage sampling to select participants from two purposively selected comprehensive health centres. Simple random sampling was used to select 240 mothers to participate in the study, who were given self-structured questionnaires on sociodemographic data and knowledge of postpartum depression. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22. Descriptive statistics were used to present demographic variables and objectives. Inferential statistics, the chi-square test, was used to test hypotheses at P<0.005. Results The majority of participants (60.8%) had poor knowledge of postpartum depression. There is a statistically significant relationship between age and knowledge of postpartum depression (P=0.000). There is no significant relationship between education level and knowledge of postpartum depression. Conclusions The majority of women in this study had poor knowledge of postpartum depression. To tackle this, midwives should aim to reinforce health education on mental and emotional health and assess the emotional and mental health status of women during the antenatal and postpartum periods. It is also key for midwives to refer women on time if they suspect postpartum depression.

Background COVID-19 is a public health problem that has claimed the lives of many men, women, and children globally, apart from its overwhelming economic impact. Nurses are inexorably faced with this situation as part of the frontline hospital workers, likewise student nurses on clinical practice while on training. Objective To assess readiness on resumption for clinical practice amidst coronavirus pandemic among Nursing students in South-West Nigeria Methods This is a cross-sectional descriptive study that utilized a multistage sampling technique to select the respondents. Three-hundred respondents were recruited for the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0, descriptive statistics were presented in tables and charts while the hypotheses were tested with Chi-square at a significant level of p = 0.05. Results The findings revealed that the mean and standard deviation of the respondents was 22.16± 3.11 years; 61.7% were ready for clinical practice, 92(30.7%) were ready to nurse coronavirus patients. There is a significant difference between nursing institutions and readiness for clinical practice p = 0.000. There is no significant difference between years of clinical exposure and readiness for clinical practice p = 0.594. Conclusion This study revealed that though the students had a high level of readiness, only few are ready to practice in coronavirus wards, this could pose a challenge to future nurses. It is important to build clinical competence and students’ confidence to work in areas of infectious diseases like coronavirus.

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Background The World Health Organization has defined a traditional birth attendant as a ‘person who assists the mother during childbirth and initially acquired her skills by delivering babies herself or through apprenticeship to other traditional birth attendants’. It is estimated that over 40 million neonatal deaths occur annually worldwide; some of these deaths are the result of infection, which may be attributed to the practices of traditional birth attendants. In Nigeria, maternal mortality because of puerperal sepsis occurs in 12% of cases. This study aimed to assess infection prevention and control practice among traditional birth attendants in Lagos State, Nigeria. Methods This is a descriptive study of infection prevention and control among traditional birth attendants in the three local government areas of Ikorordu, Mushin and Surulere. Simple random sampling (balloting) was used to select 144 registered traditional birth attendants. A self-structured questionnaire made up of four sections (sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude and practice) was used for data collection. The participant knowledge scores were categorised into ‘good’ (60–100%) and ‘poor’ (0–59%). Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data and tested for significance at P=0.005. Results The mean age of the respondents was 48 ± 10.6 years. Over one-third (37.5%) of the respondents had poor knowledge of infection control. There was a statistically significant association between respondent age and practice of infection prevention and control (P=0.003). There was no significant difference between the duration of practice and infection prevention and control (P=0.688). Additionally, there was no significant association between the length of training and infection prevention and control (P=0.890). Conclusions There is a need to increase the knowledge of traditional birth attendants by organising training for them on infection prevention and control. Over 70% of the respondents identified that practice could be improved by additional training. This will reduce maternal and infant morbidity and mortality caused by infection in Lagos, Nigeria.