A subzygomatic arch depression creates a bulky face outline. To smoothen these depressions and correct facial contours, hyaluronic acid filler injection methods are frequently used. However, the complexity of the subzygomatic region make it difficult for practitioners to effectively volume the region. The conventional injection of single layer injection has limitations of lack in volume addition and unwanted undulations and spreading. The anatomical factors were reviewed with ultrasonography, three‐dimensional photogrammetric analysis, and cadaver dissection. In this anatomical study, the present knowledge on localizing filler injection with a more precisely demarcated dual‐plane injection was suggested. This study presents novel anatomical findings related to the injection of hyaluronic acid filler injection in the subzygomatic arch depression.
Botulinum neurotoxin injections near the lateral canthal rhytids are commonly used in cosmetic settings; however, there is a lack of thorough anatomical knowledge, and an effective way to treat them with accumulating knowledge is needed. The anatomical characteristics concerning the injection of botulinum neurotoxin into the orbicularis oculi muscle were evaluated in this review. Current knowledge on the identification of botulinum neurotoxin injection points from recent anatomical research was assessed. The lateral canthal lines are involved with the orbicularis oculi muscle and nearby anatomical structures, and the injection points can be more precisely defined. The best possible injection sites were provided, and the injection procedure was described. This review proposes evidence for injection sites associated with the surface anatomy of the orbicularis oculi muscles to enhance the effectiveness of easing lateral canthal rhytids.
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