This paper aims to provide a healthy review of literature on the global imperativeness of the term global finance and competitiveness to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We employed a content analysis method to significantly explore the impact of global finance on financing for sustainable development (FSD) through competitiveness. What are the lessons for ELDCs? From the reviewed literature, we observe that global financing causes a dual impact on competitiveness through the Real Effective Exchange Rate (REER) effects. The study found that global FSD on the informal sector, social and environmental factors, as well as human development, is unarguably silent. Also, there is the multiplicity of function in the global financing mix. From the literature reviewed, we observed a positive link between SDGs, global finance, and competitiveness. SDGs differ across countries because the financing approach on competitiveness differs across countries. Thus, to achieve SDGs in ELDCs, global responses should be developed around improving internal and external competitiveness. These two types of competitiveness would be encompassing. Global financing should be directed to exploring economic, social, and environmental quality in internal and external competitiveness in ELDCs. This classification would deepen the World Economic Forum (WEF) GCI 4.0 based on innovative, efficiency and factors element. Thus inclusive growth and sustainable development could be strengthened through the application of internal and external competitiveness policies that would holistically upgrade the industrial and manufacturing competitiveness frontiers and gains from the global market share frontiers to accelerate SDGs in ELDCs.

This paper investigates the impact of Trade Liberalization on some selected manufacturing sectoral groups: Food, Beverages & Tobacco (FBT); Cement (CEM) and Basic Metal, Iron & Steel (BM) in Nigeria. Using the DOLS technique of analysis. Trade liberalization was proxied with Trade Openness (OP); other variables expressed exogenously were Labour Force (L), Foreign Direct Investment inflow into manufacturing sector (FDI) and Exchange Rate (EXCH). The results of analysis led to the conclusion that trade liberalization does not have significant impact on FBT,CEM, and BM in Nigeria. FDI is positively signed and thus have direct impact on the three sub-sectors. The policy implication of the afore-mentioned results of analysis is that FBT, CEM, and BM sub-sectors in Nigeria benefitted chiefly from Foreign Direct Investment inflow, which finds expression in innovative processing ideas, new technologies, capacity building for employees, world class managerial suite of skillsand more. Also, the coefficient of the labor force (L)is positive and impacts on FBT model suggest that FBT sub-sector employed more people than others, especially under trade liberalization regime. Government therefore should urgently re-strategize and synergies her foreign trade policies with industrial policies to facilitate beneficial trade. For instance, the Government needs to do a proper assessment of the African Continental Free Trade Area Framework before signing on to the agreement, create manufacturing and investment friendly climate. This will no doubt enhance the performance of these sub-sectors, facilitate beneficial trade and prevent an avoidable influx of cheap and inferior foreign products that could negatively affect the manufacturing sub-sectors. Again, there is a need to sustain Nigeria's foreign policies that attract more FDI inflow into the economy, particularly to the manufacturing sub-sectors.

Two compelling structural break models that deal with a known break (Bai 1997(Bai , 2010 and unknown common break (Pesaran, 2006) exist in the literature. However, the methodological framework underpinning structural breaks have enjoyed robust attention and filed with highly technical papers. This study considered the Pesaran CD test for cross-section dependence test, Least Squares Dummy Variable (LSDV) to determine heterogeneity in WAMZ, and Panel-ARDL (PMG) with a dummy variable-calibrated known break date to measure the statistical significance of DUM_FDI, DUM_ODA, DUM_IBRD, and Panel ARDL (PMG) without structural dummy-variable breaks. The motivating question becomes how Kristalina Georgieva-led IMF prediction consequently cascades into an intractable long-run effect on the WAMZ system. Due to the demand shocks from COVID-19 pandemic and supply shocks-supply glut from a price war between Saudi Arabia-Russia which has put the global economy into recession. The stability of the global economy is threatened, thus, since FDI, ODA is an integral part of global reinvested earnings (UNCTAD, 2020), hence this study is apt to unravel the impact of structural breaks in WAMZ arising from prior shocks between 1970-2017 from data sourced from World Development Indicators. This study measured how dummy variable (0, 1) structural breaks in foreign capital inflows (proxy by FDI, ODA, and IBRD) have long-term impacts in stimulating instability in WAMZ. We represented the dummy variable values 0 and 1; where 1 is structural breakpoints dates and afterward and 0 is used to denote before the structural breakpoints date. From the study, we observed that there exists cross-dependence in WAMZ at 1% LOS, heterogeneity also exists in WAMZ. Also, the impacts of structural breakpoints on selected macroeconomic indicators are mixed. The study found that the statistical significance of structural breakpoint at 5% LOS traces the susceptibility WAMZ to the rampaging health-related demand shocks and supply shocks in the long-run. Hence, a recession is likely in WAMZ. The study recommends that the regional government should undertake reforms to consciously diversify their economies and create market fundamental buffers, stimulate productivity and competitive supply frontier with a view to jump-start WAMZ economies from the impact of shocks and disturbances. In addition, provide stabilization funds to mitigate the adverse impact of shock-structural breaks on WAMZ economies.