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The need for R&D of social workers was due to the development of theoretical and methodological approaches and concepts of social work, the application of which involved the use of specific research tools. It is substantiated that the research subsystem of social work can be represented in the form of a model of the research environment, which reflects the relationship of three components: the social problem, methods of its research and tools for solving. The dialectical nature of social work, as well as the dynamic conditions in which it is carried out, determine a set of socio-economic, managerial and pedagogical factors that actualize the need for research in the social field. It is substantiated that R&D today is an integral element of professional social practice and is implemented both in the process of working with different categories of clients and in administrative and managerial activities. R&D provides adequate social order development of targeted comprehensive programs, projects and technologies of social protection, design and implementation of models of social institutions and services. As a result of a comprehensive study of the problem, the essential characteristics of R&D were clarified, which means the activity of obtaining new scientifically based knowledge aimed at purposeful change of social reality, which is realized in a logical sequence through the use of appropriate forms and methods of scientific knowledge. It is proved that R&D in the system of social work is realized at three levels (reflexive-theoretical, experimental-theoretical and research), each of which involves step-by-step actions (problem definition; hypothesis formulation, choice of research methods and tools; implementation of research plan; evaluation of results) and the use of appropriate research methods.

 ЗАГАЛЬНА ПЕДАГОГІКА ТА ІСТОРІЯ ПЕДАГОГІКИ 97  ТЕОРІЯ І МЕТОДИКА ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ОСВІТИ Постановка проблеми в загальному вигляді. Динамічні зміни сучасного суспільства, швидкі темпи інтелектуалізації всіх сфер життєдіяльності людей зумовлюють збільшення частки науководослідницької роботи в процесі реалізації різних видів діяльності. При цьому зростає потреба у фахівцях з якісно новим рівнем підготовки, які є конкурентоспроможними на ринку праці.Для сучасного фахівця необхідно мати науковий стиль мислення, який включає такі якості, як аналітичність, логічність, системність, уміння виконувати наукові дослідження і використовувати їх результати для вирішення професійних завдань. Тому одним із завдань вищої школи є визначення цілей, змісту, організаційних форм і методів науково-дослідницької підготовки фахівців різних про-

The article outlines some drawbacks of research training for social workers in Ukraine. To improve it, one should consider the main characteristics of such training in West European countries, given that they are exemplary in terms of social security. With the help of differential and comparative-typological analysis, the article singles out methodical aspects which social work training in Ukraine lacks and, therefore, suggests relevant recommendations for enhancing research activities of future social workers. Besides, it proves that the reforming of research training implies diversifying forms of research activities, as well as bringing them together with industrial placements and educational autonomy of students. At the same time, research activities should be a cross-cutting component in the context of applying interactive, information and project-based methods of teaching and learning. The international relevance of the article lies in identifying areas of research and related activities in the leading European countries. This can be a starting point for improving education systems in the post-Soviet countries in which there is a pronounced divergence between instructional, theoretical and research activities within social work training.

orientation of educational disciplines on solving the needs of practice, implemented through the introduction into the curriculum a significant number of hours of practice in social agencies providing «research space» for students.