The article considers such a type of economic crime as raiding. The essence of this phenomenon is studied, in particular, the study of this concept and on the basis of the analysis of existing approaches the own interpretation of the concept of raiding is substantiated and formulated. The most popular types of raiding in Ukraine are described and the main features of raiding are formulated. Its negative impact on the economic security of the state is revealed. The most popular schemes of raider captures in Ukraine are determined. It is emphasized that there are no universal schemes of protection against raider attacks, but there are certain ways to counteract it, which are proposed in this study. Therefore it is necessary to resist this phenomenon using all methods.

Introduction. The article deals with the peculiarities of the development of the market of cryptocurrency. The main directions of the negative influence of the growth of the capitalization of cryptocurrency market on the monetary policy of the central banks and the financial security of the banking systems are outlined. Possible variants of creation of national cryptocurrencies are investigated. The necessity of introduction of the blockchain system into the practice of organizing of currency turnover and functioning of banking systems is substantiated. Purpose. The article aims to study the impact of the expansion of cryptocurrency on the monetary policy of central banks and the financial security of banking systems. It also aims to work out the recommendations for the implementation of perspective, in our opinion, cryptocurrencies into the national banking system. Methods. In this research we have used the general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis (to understand the functional purpose of cryptocurrencies and to determine the directions of their influence on the monetary policy of central banks and financial security of banking systems); economic and statistical methods (to analyse the dynamics of capitalization of cryptocurrencies, to compare the share of cryptocurrency in the money supply of countries the world); systematic approach (to justify the prospects for the creation of national cryptocurrencies and the introduction of blockchain into the practice of the organization of fiat money circulation and the functioning of banking systems). Results. The main directions and consequences of the influence of cryptocurrencies on monetary policy and financial security of banking systems have been determined. The prospects of the introduction of blockchain into the practice of organization of the circulation of fiat money and the functioning of banking systems, as well as the positive aspects of the creation of national cryptocurrencies have been grounded.

The authors have studied the features of Estonia economic growth that started from the successful money reform then the taxation reform correspondingly after the World economic crisis with anti-crisis reforms. It was established, that for today the base of Estonian economy development is a creation of digital society e-Estonia, the unique commercial register and the register of real estate. The features of Estonia taxation system, characterized with relatively low taxes and easiness of the use, were also defined in the work; the features of bank system, which financial safety essentially depends on Sweden banks that in their turn depends on inflation and economic situation in the country, were studied. The work also analyses the state of economic growth in Estonia in six stages, each of which has its cause and result. The first, third and fifth stages were with negative GDP index that was correspondingly caused by introduction of the money, taxation reform and the World economic crisis. The second, fourth and sixth stages were characterized with economic growth with positive GDP index that proves the expedience and effectiveness of introduction of the money, taxation and anti-crisis reforms in the country.

Досліджено сучасний стан охорони праці в Україні та основні світові тенденції в цьому напрямку. Розглянуто правове підґрунтя охорони та безпеки праці. Проведено порівняльний аналіз та запропоновано вектори розвитку в цій хсфері. Запропоновано заходи покращення ситуації з охороною праці у нашій країні за допомогою інновацій.

Introduction. Such criminogenic phenomena as shadowing and monopolization of the economy, legalization (laundering) of criminally obtained property are intensifying today in Ukraine. Recent changes in legislation and prospects for reforming fiscal and law enforcement institutions require a permanent study of the state of prevention, detection and investigation of financial crimes in the fiscal sphere. In this context, an important task is to create a single institution with appropriate functions, rights and powers. The purpose of the article is to identify real and possible risks for the formation of effective optimal directions for ensuring the economic security of Ukraine based on the analysis of the peculiarities of the processes of prevention, detection, termination, investigation and detection of financial crimes in the fiscal sphere. Methods. A number of general and special research methods were used in the study of the prevention, detection and investigation of financial crimes in the fiscal sphere, in particular: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, abstract-logical method and generalization method. Results. The necessity of creating a single institution for the prevention, detection and investigation of financial crimes, including in the fiscal sphere, is substantiated. Based on government statistics, the eight most popular tax avoidance schemes in Ukraine have been identified, leading to total budget losses. The structure of predicate crimes in court convictions in recent years is analyzed, and the main types of predicate crimes in the fiscal sphere are outlined. It is proved that in Ukrainian practice the number of criminal proceedings for tax evasion, brought to sentencing and prosecution decreases sharply, which indicates: the actual impunity for committing crimes in the fiscal sphere; inaction or excess of authority, improper investigation by the persons investigating these crimes, the presence of a corruption component in the pre-trial investigation; incompetence of investigators (detectives) investigating crimes in the fiscal sphere, as well as insufficient level of knowledge in the fiscal sphere of prosecutors as procedural managers. This made it possible to argue the feasibility of creating an economic security bureau. Based on the analysis of the dispositions of the articles of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, twelve articles have been identified that should be classified as tax crimes. Perspectives. Further research should focus on finding the best approach to addressing the issue of financial crime in the fiscal sphere, as well as to ensure the appropriate level of economic security in Ukraine.